Morpholine
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Revision as of 22:43, 1 September 2022 by Mabus (Talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Chembox | Name = Morpholine | Reference = | IUPACName = Morpholine | PIN = | SystematicName = | OtherNames = 1,4-Oxazinane<br>Diethylene imidoxide<br>Diethylene oximide<br>D...")
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Morpholine
| |
| Other names
1,4-Oxazinane
Diethylene imidoxide Diethylene oximide Diethylenimide oxide Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine Tetrahydro-p-oxazine | |
| Properties | |
| C4H9NO O(CH2CH2)2NH | |
| Molar mass | 87.122 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Fish-like |
| Density | 1.007 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | −5 °C (23 °F; 268 K) |
| Boiling point | 129 °C (264 °F; 402 K) |
| Miscible | |
| Solubility | Reacts with acids Miscible with acetone, alcohols, benzene, diethyl ether, THF |
| Vapor pressure | 6 mmHg (20 °C) |
| Acidity (pKa) | 8.49 |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | Sigma-Aldrich |
| Flash point | 31 °C (88 °F; 304 K) |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
| LD50 (Median dose)
|
1220 mg/kg (mammal, oral) 525 mg/kg (mouse, oral) 1050 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
| LC50 (Median concentration)
|
365 ppm (mouse, 2 hr) |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Dioxane |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Morpholine is an organic chemical compound having the chemical formula O(CH2CH2)2NH. This heterocycle features both amine and ether functional groups.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Because of the amine, morpholine is a base; its conjugate acid is called morpholinium. For example, treating morpholine with hydrochloric acid produces the salt morpholinium chloride.
Physical
It is a colorless liquid with a weak, ammonia- or fish-like odor.
Availability
Morpholine is sold by chemical suppliers.
Preparation
Morpholine is easily produced by the dehydration of diethanolamine with conc. sulfuric acid.
Thermal decomposition of diethanolamine hydrochloride salt give a better yield.[1]
Projects
- Preparation of enamines
- Precursor for many medical drugs and pesticides
- Willgerodt–Kindler reaction
- Chemical emulsifier
Handling
Safety
Morpholine is harmful if ingested.
Storage
In closed airtight bottles
Disposal
Should be mixed with a more flammable solvent and burned.
