Difference between revisions of "Sorbitol"
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(Created page with "{{Chembox | Name = Sorbitol | Reference = | IUPACName = (2S,3R,4R,5R)-Hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol | PIN = | SystematicName = | OtherNames = {{Unbulleted list | ''D-Glucitol''...") |
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| PIN = | | PIN = | ||
| SystematicName = | | SystematicName = | ||
| − | | OtherNames = | + | | OtherNames = D-Glucitol<br>D-Sorbitol<br>Sorbogem<br>Sorbo |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | ||
| AtmosphericOHRateConstant = | | AtmosphericOHRateConstant = | ||
| − | | Appearance = | + | | Appearance = White solid |
| BoilingPt = | | BoilingPt = | ||
| BoilingPtC = 290–295 | | BoilingPtC = 290–295 | ||
| BoilingPt_ref = | | BoilingPt_ref = | ||
| BoilingPt_notes = | | BoilingPt_notes = | ||
| − | | Density = 1.489 g/ | + | | Density = 1.489 g/cm<sup>3</sup> |
| Formula = C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>14</sub>O<sub>6</sub> | | Formula = C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>14</sub>O<sub>6</sub> | ||
| HenryConstant = | | HenryConstant = | ||
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| MolarMass = 182.17 g/mol | | MolarMass = 182.17 g/mol | ||
| MeltingPt = | | MeltingPt = | ||
| − | | MeltingPtC = 111 | + | | MeltingPtC = 95-111 |
| MeltingPt_ref = | | MeltingPt_ref = | ||
| MeltingPt_notes = | | MeltingPt_notes = | ||
| + | | Odor = Odorless | ||
| pKa = | | pKa = | ||
| pKb = | | pKb = | ||
| − | | Solubility = | + | | Solubility = 235 g/100 ml |
| − | | SolubleOther = | + | | SolubleOther = Soluble in [[acetic acid]], [[ethanol]], [[methanol]] |
| Solvent = | | Solvent = | ||
| + | | Taste = Sweet, fruity | ||
| VaporPressure = | | VaporPressure = | ||
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}} | }} | ||
| Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards | | Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards | ||
| − | | AutoignitionPt = | + | | AutoignitionPt = 420 °C (788 °F; 693 K) |
| ExploLimits = | | ExploLimits = | ||
| − | | ExternalMSDS = | + | | ExternalMSDS = [https://www.docdroid.net/rVUYks1/d-sorbitol-sa.pdf.html Sigma-Aldrich] (D) |
| − | | FlashPt = 100 °C | + | | FlashPt = 100 °C (212 °F; 373 K) |
| LD50 = | | LD50 = | ||
| LC50 = | | LC50 = | ||
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| OtherFunction = | | OtherFunction = | ||
| OtherFunction_label = | | OtherFunction_label = | ||
| − | | OtherCompounds = | + | | OtherCompounds = [[Mannitol]]<br>[[Galactitol]]<br>[[Iditol]] |
}} | }} | ||
}} | }} | ||
| − | '''Sorbitol''' or '''glucitol''', is a sugar alcohol with a sweet taste, used as a sugar substitute. The most common form is '''D-sorbitol'''. | + | '''Sorbitol''' or '''glucitol''', is a sugar alcohol with a sweet taste, used as a sugar substitute. The most common form is '''D-sorbitol'''. It has the chemical formula '''C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>14</sub>O<sub>6</sub>'''. |
==Properties== | ==Properties== | ||
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==Availability== | ==Availability== | ||
| − | Sorbitol is available as sugar substitute in most supermarkets, at various purities and prices. | + | Sorbitol is available as sugar substitute in most supermarkets, at various purities and prices. Some brands may have <1% sucralose. |
==Preparation== | ==Preparation== | ||
| − | Sorbitol can be prepared by reducing | + | Sorbitol can be prepared by reducing [[glucose]] with hydrogen. |
==Projects== | ==Projects== | ||
| + | *Sugar substitute | ||
*Sorbitol nitrate | *Sorbitol nitrate | ||
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===Storage=== | ===Storage=== | ||
| − | + | Sorbitol should be kept in closed containers. Since it is hygroscopic, it's a good idea to keep it in a plastic bag inside the storage container. | |
===Disposal=== | ===Disposal=== | ||
| − | Can be safely poured down the drain or dumped in the ground. | + | Sorbitol is considered non-toxic and doesn't require special disposal. Can be safely poured down the drain or dumped in the ground. |
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 19:31, 28 June 2017
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
(2S,3R,4R,5R)-Hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol
| |
| Other names
D-Glucitol
D-Sorbitol Sorbogem Sorbo | |
| Properties | |
| C6H14O6 | |
| Molar mass | 182.17 g/mol |
| Appearance | White solid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.489 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 95–111 °C (203–232 °F; 368–384 K) |
| Boiling point | 290–295 °C (554–563 °F; 563–568 K) |
| 235 g/100 ml | |
| Solubility | Soluble in acetic acid, ethanol, methanol |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | Sigma-Aldrich (D) |
| Flash point | 100 °C (212 °F; 373 K) |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Mannitol Galactitol Iditol |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Sorbitol or glucitol, is a sugar alcohol with a sweet taste, used as a sugar substitute. The most common form is D-sorbitol. It has the chemical formula C6H14O6.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Sorbitol can be nitrated to sorbitol nitrates.
Physical
Sorbitol is a white crystalline solid, with a sweet fruity taste, more pronounced than that of xylitol. It is extremely soluble in water (2350 g/L), acetic acid, ethanol and methanol, but insoluble in most nonpolar solvents. Sorbitol melts at 111 °C and boils between 290–295 °C (values altered by water content).
Availability
Sorbitol is available as sugar substitute in most supermarkets, at various purities and prices. Some brands may have <1% sucralose.
Preparation
Sorbitol can be prepared by reducing glucose with hydrogen.
Projects
- Sugar substitute
- Sorbitol nitrate
Handling
Safety
Sorbitol poses little hazard, though if consumed in large quantities is will induce a laxative effect.
Storage
Sorbitol should be kept in closed containers. Since it is hygroscopic, it's a good idea to keep it in a plastic bag inside the storage container.
Disposal
Sorbitol is considered non-toxic and doesn't require special disposal. Can be safely poured down the drain or dumped in the ground.
