Syn the Sizer
National Hazard
Posts: 600
Registered: 12-11-2019
Location: Canada
Member Is Offline
|
|
10 most important name reactions
Hey everyone, I am wondering what people feel are the 10 most crucial name reactions. I have been wanting to focus on better understanding name
reactions. I have been reading on the Aldol addition/condensation reactions and have considered doing a couple of the reactions I have discovered.
Thanks
Syn
|
|
|
draculic acid69
International Hazard
Posts: 1371
Registered: 2-8-2018
Member Is Offline
|
|
Grignard rxn
|
|
|
Texium
Administrator
Posts: 4618
Registered: 11-1-2014
Location: Salt Lake City
Member Is Offline
Mood: PhD candidate!
|
|
I don’t think that there’s an objective list, but here’s 10 good ones off the top of my head that you should look into, in no particular order:
-Grignard Reaction
-Wolff-Kishner Reduction and Clemmensen Reduction (same function, different reagents)
-Wittig Reaction
-Claisen Condensation
-Sandmeyer Reaction
-Fischer Indole Synthesis
-Diels-Alder Reaction
-Mannich Reaction
-Hofmann Degradation
-Michael Addition/Robinson Annulation
There’s also a whole host of palladium catalyzed couplings that are very important and useful, but not very practical for the amateur. Some
important variants:
Suzuki Coupling, Heck Coupling, Sonogashira Coupling, Stille Coupling
|
|
|
j_sum1
Administrator
Posts: 6333
Registered: 4-10-2014
Location: At home
Member Is Offline
Mood: Most of the ducks are in a row
|
|
Birch reduction?
Fischer esterification?
|
|
|
draculic acid69
International Hazard
Posts: 1371
Registered: 2-8-2018
Member Is Offline
|
|
Excellent suggestions guys.these are the most common rxns one usually encounters in an amateur lab setting.
|
|
|
Sulaiman
International Hazard
Posts: 3721
Registered: 8-2-2015
Location: 3rd rock from the sun
Member Is Offline
|
|
Haber–Bosch process and Ostwald process
not sure if they qualify as named reactions, but they are super important.
CAUTION : Hobby Chemist, not Professional or even Amateur
|
|
|
Sigmatropic
Hazard to Others
Posts: 307
Registered: 29-1-2017
Member Is Offline
Mood: No Mood
|
|
Based on FMO theory there are only 9 reactions. Perhaps 12 if you count the pericyclic ones as separate reactions. All you need to know.
Scrap that, there are only 9 reactions.
[Edited on 5-4-2020 by Sigmatropic]
|
|
|
Metacelsus
International Hazard
Posts: 2539
Registered: 26-12-2012
Location: Boston, MA
Member Is Offline
Mood: Double, double, toil and trouble
|
|
Only 9 reactions?
I think you're forgetting all the radical reactions. (Or possibly remembering radical reactions, and forgetting photochemical ones.)
Let's make a list. I'll go over my notes from undergrad, and count reverse reactions as the same reaction.
Non-radical, non-pericyclic:
Concerted nucleophilic additions (eg SN2, or addition to an alkene)
Heterolysis (carbocation formation)
Pericyclic (could be non-photochemical or photochemical, so x2):
Cycloadditions (eg Diels-Alder)
Electrocyclic rearrangement (eg cyclobutene <-> butadiene)
Sigmatropic (eg Cope or Claisen)
Group transfer (eg ene reaction)
Radical:
Bond homolysis (and reverse, radical recombination)
Abstraction
Single-electron transfer
So, that's already 13 classes of reactions just from my undergrad O-chem notes.
And there are some more weird things which I'm not sure how to classify, like the Bergman cyclization. This list probably isn't complete.
[Edited on 2020-4-5 by Metacelsus]
|
|
|
clearly_not_atara
International Hazard
Posts: 2799
Registered: 3-11-2013
Member Is Offline
Mood: Big
|
|
zts's list is pretty good, but I would suggest some changes:
- replace Claisen with Knoevenagel condensation
- drop Hofmann and Mannich rxns
- add Huisgen "click" cycloaddition
- honestly not sure if Grignard should be listed since everyone seems to use lithium these days
- add Swern oxidation (with its many variations)
- add Mitsunobu reaction
- would probably choose Heck as the primary representative of Pd-catalyzed couplings
I'm not sure if there's a general term for alkyne or allene-mediated annulation but that's a pretty important technique today also.
|
|
|
Syn the Sizer
National Hazard
Posts: 600
Registered: 12-11-2019
Location: Canada
Member Is Offline
|
|
Quote: Originally posted by Sulaiman  | Haber–Bosch process and Ostwald process
not sure if they qualify as named reactions, but they are super important.
|
I didn't think the Aldol reaction was a name reaction but when I googled name reactions it shows up on lists. I always though name reactions were
named after the Chemist. I have found lists with tons of reactions and it gets overwhelming so that's why I came here to ask.
Thanks everyone for the replies.
|
|
|
DrIronic101
Harmless
Posts: 20
Registered: 16-9-2019
Location: Western United States
Member Is Offline
Mood: Insomniated
|
|
Friedel-Crafts Acylation
Henry Reaction
Grignard Reaction
Knoelvagel Condensation
Fisher Esterification
Williamson Ether Synthesis
Reductive Amination (not technically a named one but still super important)
To name a few.
"Technically, chemistry is the study of matter, but I prefer to see it as the study of change. Electrons—they change their energy levels. Molecules
change their bonds. Elements—they combine and change into compounds. Well, that’s all of life, right? It’s the constant. It’s the cycle.
It’s solution, dissolution, just over and over and over. It is growth, then decay, then transformation." -Walter White on what chemistry is.
|
|
|
mackolol
Hazard to Others
Posts: 459
Registered: 26-10-2017
Member Is Offline
Mood: Funky
|
|
Reimer - Tiemann reaction is very useful
Meerwein - Ponndorf - Verley reduction is the most basic reaction when you want to reduce ketone to alcohol or vice wersa
These are the two that come to my mind at the moment.
|
|
|
rockyit98
Hazard to Others
Posts: 283
Registered: 12-4-2019
Location: The Known Universe
Member Is Offline
Mood: no mood is a good mood
|
|
Hofmann rearrangement
"A mind is a terrible thing to lose"-Meisner
|
|
|
Syn the Sizer
National Hazard
Posts: 600
Registered: 12-11-2019
Location: Canada
Member Is Offline
|
|
Awesome. Lots to look into and study, thanks again everyone.
|
|
|
![[*]](images/xpblue/default_icon.gif){kind=icon}
