To the flask is added 250 ml. of a 2.5% solution of sodium hydroxide and a cuprous oxide-silver oxide catalyst (Note 2). In the two dropping funnels
are placed, respectively, 96 g. (1.0 mole) of furfural (Note 3) and a solution of 40 g. (1.0 mole) of sodium hydroxide in 100 ml. of water. The
contents of the flask are heated to about 55°, vigorous stirring is started, and a rapid stream of oxygen is bubbled through as the contents of the
two funnels are added simultaneously (Note 4) to the reaction mixture at such a rate (20–25 min.) as to maintain the temperature at 50–55° (Note
5) without external heating. After the additions have been completed, vigorous stirring and passage of oxygen are continued until the temperature
drops below 40° (15–30 min., depending on the rate of oxygen flow). |