Hydrazine hydrochloride
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Hydrazinium chloride
| |
| Other names
Hydrazine chloride
Hydrazine monochloride Hydrazine monohydrogen chloride Hydrazine monohydrochloride Hydrazinium chloride | |
| Properties | |
| N2H5Cl | |
| Molar mass | 68.51 g/mol |
| Appearance | White hygroscopic solid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.5 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 89–93 °C (192–199 °F; 362–366 K) |
| Boiling point | 240 °C (464 °F; 513 K) (decomposes) |
| 37 g/100ml (20 °C) | |
| Solubility | Slightly soluble in alcohols |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | Sigma-Aldrich |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
| LD50 (Median dose)
|
128 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Hydrazine nitrate Hydrazine sulfate |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Hydrazine hydrochloride, or more accurately hydrazine monohydrochloride, is a chemical compound with the formula N2H5Cl or N2H4HCl, the monochloride salt of hydrazine.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Further addition of HCl to hydrazine monohydrochloride will yield hydrazine dihydrochloride.
Hydrazine hydrate is produced when hydrazine hydrochloride is reacted with a strong base such as sodium hydroxide.
Physical
Hydrazine monohydrochloride is a white hygroscopic solid, very soluble in water.
Availability
Hydrazine monohydrochloride is sold by chemical suppliers.
Preparation
Hydrazine monohydrochloride can be prepared by reacting an equimolar amount of hydrazine hydrate with hydrochloric acid.
More conveniently (and much safer) it can be produced via double displacement between hydrazine sulfate and calcium chloride or barium chloride. The insoluble sulfate precipitates, which is filtered off. The hydrazine chloride solution is dried and the product is kept in an desiccator for further drying.
Projects
- Make sodium azide
- Make luminol
Handling
Safety
Hydrazine hydrochloride is much safer than its free base, hydrazine. However, it is still moderately toxic and a suspected carcinogen.
Storage
In closed and airtight containers, with a clear hazard label.
Disposal
Hydrazine hydrochloride can be neutralized with a diluted solution of calcium hypochlorite.
