Titanium nitride
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Titanium nitride
| |
| Other names
Osbornite
Titanium(III) nitride Titanium mononitride | |
| Properties | |
| TiN | |
| Molar mass | 61.874 g/mol |
| Appearance | Yellow or yellow-brown solid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 5.21 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 2,947 °C (5,337 °F; 3,220 K) |
| Insoluble | |
| Solubility | Insoluble |
| Vapor pressure | ~0 mmHg |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar
entropy (S |
−95.7 J·K-1·mol-1 |
| Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH |
−336 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | Sigma-Aldrich |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
| LD50 (Median dose)
|
2,000 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Titanium carbide |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Titanium nitride is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula TiN. It is an extremely hard ceramic material, often used as a coating on titanium alloys, steel, carbide, and aluminium components to improve the substrate's surface properties.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Titanium nitride will oxidize at 800 °C in a normal atmosphere.
TiN resists the attack of most reagents at room temperature, but at high temperatures it can be attacked by hot acids.
Physical
Titanium nitride is a yellow or yellow-brown solid, insoluble in all solvents.
TiN is a very hard material, with a Vickers hardness of 1800–2100, a modulus of elasticity of 251 GPa, a thermal expansion coefficient of 9.35 ×10−6 K−1, and a superconducting transition temperature of 5.6 K.
Availability
Titanium nitride is sold by chemical suppliers and can also be bought from industrial entities as abrasive in various particle sizes.
Osbornite is a very rare natural form of titanium nitride, found almost exclusively in meteorites.
Preparation
Titanium nitride can be prepared by reacting titanium dioxide with ammonia at high temperatures.
Burning Ti powder in a nitrogen atmosphere will yield TiN.
TiN film may also be produced on Ti items by reactive growth (for example, annealing) in a nitrogen atmosphere. Physical vapor deposition (PVD) is preferred for steel parts because the deposition temperatures exceeds the austenitizing temperature of steel. TiN layers are also sputtered on a variety of higher melting point materials such as stainless steels, titanium and titanium alloys.
Projects
- TiN coating for edge retention and corrosion resistance in alloys
- Create a "gold" coating on decorative materials
- Compound collecting
- Mineral collecting (osbornite)
Handling
Safety
TiN has low toxicity, though in powdered form it may be irritant. The material has been used in medical implants.
Storage
Should be kept in plastic bottles.
Disposal
No special disposal is required, can be dumped in trash, or mixed with cement and turned into a solid block.
