Difference between revisions of "Nitrosyl chloride"
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Revision as of 14:41, 5 July 2017
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Nitrosyl chloride
| |
| Other names
Nitrogen chloride oxide
Nitrogen oxychloride Nitrosonium chloride Tildens Reagent | |
| Properties | |
| NOCl | |
| Molar mass | 65.459 g/mol |
| Appearance | Yellow or reddish gas |
| Odor | Choking |
| Density | 2.872 g/cm3 1.36 g/cm3 (-5.7 °C) |
| Melting point | −59.4 °C (−74.9 °F; 213.8 K) |
| Boiling point | −5.55 °C (22.01 °F; 267.60 K) |
| Reacts | |
| Solubility | Reacts with alcohols Soluble in oleum |
| Vapor pressure | 2,409 mmHg at 25 °C |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar
entropy (S |
261.68 J·K−1·mol−1 |
| Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH |
51.71 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | Matheson |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Nitryl chloride Nitrogen dioxide |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Nitrosyl chloride is a yellow gas, commonly encountered as a decomposition product of aqua regia, very corrosive and toxic. It has the chemical formula NOCl.
Due to its hazards, nitrosyl chloride doesn't have many uses in amateur chemistry, and most of the time it's encountered as unwanted side-product in chemical reactions, such as the preparation of aqua regia.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Nitrosyl chloride reacts with water to give hydrochloric acid and nitrogen oxides.
Physical
Nitrosyl chloride is a yellowish gas, which reacts with water.
Availability
Nitrosyl chloride is sold by industrial suppliers, but they will not sell it to individuals due to its hazards. Not even big chemical suppliers don't have it in their stock.
Preparation
There are several routes to nitrosyl chloride:
The most common route involves the reaction between nitric oxide and chlorine, below 100 °C. Above this temperature, the reaction reverses.
- 2 NO + Cl2 → 2 NOCl
Dehydration of nitrous acid by using hydrochloric acid will give nitrosyl chloride:
- HNO2 + HCl → NOCl + H2O
Nitrosyl chloride is an unwanted side product in the preparation of aqua regia.
Projects
- Make nitrosylsulfuric acid
- Make N-nitroso compounds
Handling
Safety
Nitrosyl chloride is a toxic and corrosive gas. Work should be performed in a well ventilated area or outside.
Nitrosyl chloride reacts violently and may even explode in contact with ethers or ketones in the presence of trace metal salts.[1]
Storage
Nitrosyl chloride should not be stored unless you have gas cylinders specially designed to store this compound.
It's best to use this compound as soon as you made it.
Disposal
Nitrosyl chloride can be neutralized by bubbling it in an aqueous alkaline solution.
References
Relevant Sciencemadness threads
- Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes
- Chembox articles without image
- Chemical compounds
- Inorganic compounds
- Nitrogen compounds
- Chlorine compounds
- Oxygen compounds
- Oxohalides
- Materials that react with water
- Materials unstable in basic solution
- Things that can kill you very quickly
- Things that should NOT be messed with except by professionals
- Choking agents
- Gases
- Irritants
