Difference between revisions of "Lead(II) chloride"
(Fixed grammar, added SMILES code and emphasized the toxicity of the compound.) |
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| 3DMet = | | 3DMet = | ||
| Abbreviations = | | Abbreviations = | ||
| − | | SMILES = | + | | SMILES = Cl[Pb]Cl |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | ||
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: Pb(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>2</sub> + HCl → PbCl<sub>2</sub> + 2 CH<sub>3</sub>COOH | : Pb(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>2</sub> + HCl → PbCl<sub>2</sub> + 2 CH<sub>3</sub>COOH | ||
| − | + | The addition of HCl to lead(II) carbonate will also produce lead(II) carbonate, although due to the low solubility of the lead chloride, this reaction is slow. | |
: PbCO<sub>3</sub> + 2 HCl → PbCl<sub>2</sub> + CO<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O | : PbCO<sub>3</sub> + 2 HCl → PbCl<sub>2</sub> + CO<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O | ||
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==Handling== | ==Handling== | ||
===Safety=== | ===Safety=== | ||
| − | Like other lead containing compounds, | + | Like other lead-containing compounds, PbCl<sub>2</sub> is extremely toxic and any exposure of sufficient dose can lead to lead poisoning. |
===Storage=== | ===Storage=== | ||
Latest revision as of 00:22, 26 August 2020
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Lead(II) chloride
| |
| Other names
Cotunnite
Lead dichloride Plumbous chloride | |
| Identifiers | |
| Jmol-3D images | Image |
| |
| Properties | |
| PbCl2 | |
| Molar mass | 278.10 g/mol |
| Appearance | White solid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 5.85 g/cm3 (20 °C) |
| Melting point | 501 °C (934 °F; 774 K) |
| Boiling point | 950 °C (1,740 °F; 1,220 K) |
| 0.673 g/100 ml (0 °C) 0.99 g/100 ml (20 °C) 3.34 g/100 ml (100 °C) | |
| Solubility | Slightly soluble in dil. hydrochloric acid, aq. ammonia Insoluble in alcohols, carboxylic acids, hydrocarbons |
| Vapor pressure | ~ 0 mmHg |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar
entropy (S |
135.98 J·K−1·mol−1 |
| Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH |
-359.41 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | Sigma-Aldrich |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
| LD50 (Median dose)
|
1.947 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Lead(II) iodide |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Lead(II) chloride is a chemical compound with the chemical formula PbCl2.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Addition of chloride ions to a suspension of PbCl2 gives rise to soluble complex ions.
PbCl2 reacts with molten sodium nitrite to give PbO:
- PbCl2 + 3 NaNO2 → PbO + NaNO3 + 2 NO + 2 NaCl
If chlorine gas is bubbled through a saturated solution of PbCl2 with ammonium chloride, ammonium hexachloroplumbate [NH4]2[PbCl6] is obtained. If cold concentrated sulfuric acid is added to the solid compound, while maintaining the temperature around 0 °C, lead(IV) chloride (PbCl4) is obtained, as a clear oil.
Addition of sodium hypochlorite to lead(II) chloride will form lead(IV) oxide.
Lead(II) chloride is the main precursor for organometallic derivatives of lead, such as plumbocenes.
Physical
Lead(II) chloride is a white solid, slightly soluble in water.
Availability
Lead(II) chloride is sold by chemical suppliers.
PbCl2 occurs naturally in the form of the mineral cotunnite.
Preparation
Lead(II) chloride precipitates from solution upon addition of chloride sources (HCl, NaCl, KCl) to aqueous solutions of soluble lead(II) compounds:
- Pb(NO3)2 + 2 NaCl → PbCl2 + 2 NaNO3
- Pb(CH3COO)2 + HCl → PbCl2 + 2 CH3COOH
The addition of HCl to lead(II) carbonate will also produce lead(II) carbonate, although due to the low solubility of the lead chloride, this reaction is slow.
- PbCO3 + 2 HCl → PbCl2 + CO2 + H2O
Addition of hydrochloric acid to lead oxides gives lead(II) chloride, and for lead(IV) oxide, chlorine gas is also produced:
- PbO2 + 4 HCl → PbCl2 + Cl2 + 2 H2O
- PbO + 2 HCl → PbCl2 + H2O
Chlorine gas will react with lead metal to form lead dichloride.
- Pb + Cl2 → PbCl2
Projects
- Make lead tetrachloride
- Make Pattinson's white lead
- Make plumbocenes
- Mineral collecting
Handling
Safety
Like other lead-containing compounds, PbCl2 is extremely toxic and any exposure of sufficient dose can lead to lead poisoning.
Storage
In closed plastic or glass bottles.
Disposal
Should be taken to hazardous waste disposal centers.
References
Relevant Sciencemadness threads
- Chemical pages without CAS Registry Number
- Articles without EBI source
- Chemical pages without ChemSpiderID
- Chemical pages without DrugBank identifier
- Articles without KEGG source
- Articles without InChI source
- Articles without UNII source
- Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes
- Chembox articles without image
- Chemical compounds
- Inorganic compounds
- Lead compounds
- Chlorides
- Heavy metal toxicants
- Carcinogenic
- Neurotoxins
