Difference between revisions of "Vanadium pentoxide"
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[[File:Vanadium_pentoxide.jpg|thumb|300px]] | [[File:Vanadium_pentoxide.jpg|thumb|300px]] | ||
'''Vanadium(V) oxide''' also known as '''vanadium pentoxide''' or '''vanadia''' is the inorganic compound with the formula V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>. It is one of several oxides of [[vanadium]]. | '''Vanadium(V) oxide''' also known as '''vanadium pentoxide''' or '''vanadia''' is the inorganic compound with the formula V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>. It is one of several oxides of [[vanadium]]. | ||
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===Physical=== | ===Physical=== | ||
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Vanadium pentoxide is a brown-yellow compound, slightly soluble in water, where it gives yellow colored solution. | Vanadium pentoxide is a brown-yellow compound, slightly soluble in water, where it gives yellow colored solution. | ||
Revision as of 16:24, 11 January 2016
Vanadium(V) oxide also known as vanadium pentoxide or vanadia is the inorganic compound with the formula V2O5. It is one of several oxides of vanadium.
Contents
[hide]Properties
Chemical
Vanadium pentoxide will yield oxygen and turns into oxides of lower states and finally the pure metal when heated at high temperature.
- V2O5 → VO2 → V2O3 → VO → V
The reaction is reversible.
Vanadium pentoxide will not be reduced to its respective salts if reacted with a strong acid, instead it will generate oxovanadium cations:
- V2O5 + 6HCl + 7H2O → 2[VO(H2O)5]2+ + 4Cl− + Cl2
- V2O5 + 2 HNO3 → 2 VO2(NO3) + H2O
Reaction with thionyl chloride generates vanadium oxychloride:
- V2O5 + 3 SOCl2 → 2 VOCl3 + 3 SO2
Solid V2O5 is reduced by oxalic acid, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide to give vanadium(IV) oxide, VO2 as a deep-blue solid.
Sodium metavanadate can be made by reacting vanadium(V) oxide with hot sodium carbonate. This can then be reacted with ammonium chloride to form the less soluble ammonium metavanadate[1].
Physical
Vanadium pentoxide is a brown-yellow compound, slightly soluble in water, where it gives yellow colored solution.
Availability
Vanadium pentoxide is sold by certain ceramic pigment companies. US pigment sells 1 pound at $30, and Seattle Pottery Supply sells it for $24 per pound.
Preparation
Thermal decomposition of ammonium metavanadate at 200 °C will give pure vanadium pentoxide:
- 2 NH4VO3 → V2O5 + 2 NH3 + H2O
Projects
- Vanadium oxides
- Sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid generation
- Maleic and phthalic anhydride synthesis
- Vanadium redox battery
Handling
Safety
Vanadium pentoxide exhibits modest toxicity to humans, with an LD50 of about 470 mg/kg. The greater hazard is with inhalation of the dust, where the LD50 ranges from 4-11mg/kg for a 2 week exposure.
Storage
Vanadium pentoxide should be stored in closed containers, away from any acidic vapors.
Disposal
Vanadium pentoxide should not be released in the environment in large quantities.
