Difference between revisions of "Ceramicware"
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==General== | ==General== | ||
| − | Ceramicware items tend to handle thermal stress better than glass items and do not deform during heating like metal items. Fire clay, sintered oxides are common construction materials. | + | Ceramicware items tend to handle thermal stress better than glass items and do not deform during heating like metal items. Similar to glass items, they are fragile and will break under mechanical stress. Fire clay, sintered oxides are common construction materials. |
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| + | Below there's a list of various ceramic lab items encountered in the chemistry lab, that are useful for the average amateur chemist. Obviously you will not need them all, but the most important basic and advanced items are necessary when doing any lab work. | ||
==Basic ceramicware== | ==Basic ceramicware== | ||
| − | ===Boiling | + | ===[[Boiling chip]]s=== |
Porous ceramic chips, unglazed, used when boiling liquids, to prevent/reduce bumping. | Porous ceramic chips, unglazed, used when boiling liquids, to prevent/reduce bumping. | ||
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| + | ===[[Crystallizing dish]]=== | ||
| + | Porcelain crystallizing dishes are often used when recrystallizing compounds. | ||
===Combustion boat=== | ===Combustion boat=== | ||
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Cup-shaped containers, used for high temperature reactions. Crucibles made of porcelain are used for low temperature procedures, while crucibles made of high-temperature resistant ceramic materials, such as sintered [[aluminium oxide|alumina]], tungsten carbide, boron nitride, zirconia, [[magnesium oxide|magnesia]], [[silicon carbide]] are better suited when melting metals with high melting point. Crucibles may have a lid. | Cup-shaped containers, used for high temperature reactions. Crucibles made of porcelain are used for low temperature procedures, while crucibles made of high-temperature resistant ceramic materials, such as sintered [[aluminium oxide|alumina]], tungsten carbide, boron nitride, zirconia, [[magnesium oxide|magnesia]], [[silicon carbide]] are better suited when melting metals with high melting point. Crucibles may have a lid. | ||
| − | ===Evaporating dish=== | + | ===[[Evaporating dish]]=== |
| − | Evaporating | + | Evaporating dishes are thin porcelain cups, glazed on the inside and partially glazed on the exterior. They are commonly used to dry solutions, which can be done by filling the dish with solution and then placing it on a [[heating bath]]. |
===[[Mortar and pestle]]=== | ===[[Mortar and pestle]]=== | ||
Porcelain and sintered alumina mortar and pestles are widely used to grind materials. Agate is another materials used for high quality mortar and pestles. | Porcelain and sintered alumina mortar and pestles are widely used to grind materials. Agate is another materials used for high quality mortar and pestles. | ||
| − | ===Pipeclay triangle=== | + | ===[[Pipeclay triangle]]=== |
Made by inserting three thick metal wires through three hollow ceramic tubes, and tying the wires at ends. | Made by inserting three thick metal wires through three hollow ceramic tubes, and tying the wires at ends. | ||
| − | ===Spot plate=== | + | ===[[Spot plate]]=== |
| − | Glazed porcelain tiles containing potholes, where various liquids are added in drops for various tests, such as qualitative determination of a particular reactant present in a solution. Other names include ''reaction plate''. | + | Glazed porcelain tiles containing 6, 8 or 12 potholes, where various liquids are added in drops for various tests, such as qualitative determination of a particular reactant present in a solution. Other names include ''reaction plate''. |
==Advanced ceramicware== | ==Advanced ceramicware== | ||
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Used to support a receiving jar or tube while a gas is being collected over water with a pneumatic trough. | Used to support a receiving jar or tube while a gas is being collected over water with a pneumatic trough. | ||
| − | ===Büchner funnel=== | + | ===[[Büchner funnel]]=== |
Büchner funnels with fixed perforated disk are commonly used when filtering through a filter paper. They are made of glazed porcelain. | Büchner funnels with fixed perforated disk are commonly used when filtering through a filter paper. They are made of glazed porcelain. | ||
| − | ===Cupel=== | + | ===[[Cupel]]=== |
Used in metallurgy to remove metal impurities, like [[lead]] from precious metals and alloys. Most tend to be made from bone ash, though fire clay and magnesia are also used. Cody's Lab uses many cupels in his videos. | Used in metallurgy to remove metal impurities, like [[lead]] from precious metals and alloys. Most tend to be made from bone ash, though fire clay and magnesia are also used. Cody's Lab uses many cupels in his videos. | ||
| − | ===Hirsch funnel=== | + | ===[[B%C3%BCchner_funnel#Hirsch_funnel|Hirsch funnel]]=== |
Similar in construction to the Büchner funnel, they are used in filtering. | Similar in construction to the Büchner funnel, they are used in filtering. | ||
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===Storage container=== | ===Storage container=== | ||
| − | Not often encountered, glazed porcelain storage jars can be used to store reagents, usually in powdered form. Since they don't offer hermetic seal, they shouldn't be used for storing sensitive materials. Sometimes used for storing energetic materials. | + | Not often encountered, glazed porcelain storage jars can be used to store reagents, usually in powdered form. Since they don't offer hermetic seal, they shouldn't be used for storing sensitive materials. Sometimes used for storing energetic materials. They are more often encountered in kitchen, where they're used to store food and spices. |
| − | ===Tubing=== | + | ===[[Tubing]]=== |
Ceramic/porcelain tubing don't have a specific function in labs, but can be used as tubing, stirring rods, etc. Since they have good high temperature resistance, they can be used to safely blow air inside a kiln/furnace, as they don't melt. | Ceramic/porcelain tubing don't have a specific function in labs, but can be used as tubing, stirring rods, etc. Since they have good high temperature resistance, they can be used to safely blow air inside a kiln/furnace, as they don't melt. | ||
Latest revision as of 07:58, 19 June 2018
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Ceramicware or ceramic ware is the name used for all lab items or materials made of ceramic materials, such as porcelain or sintered oxides, nitrides, borides, carbides.
Porcelain items are commonly referred to as porcelainware or porcelain ware.
General
Ceramicware items tend to handle thermal stress better than glass items and do not deform during heating like metal items. Similar to glass items, they are fragile and will break under mechanical stress. Fire clay, sintered oxides are common construction materials.
Below there's a list of various ceramic lab items encountered in the chemistry lab, that are useful for the average amateur chemist. Obviously you will not need them all, but the most important basic and advanced items are necessary when doing any lab work.
Basic ceramicware
Boiling chips
Porous ceramic chips, unglazed, used when boiling liquids, to prevent/reduce bumping.
Crystallizing dish
Porcelain crystallizing dishes are often used when recrystallizing compounds.
Combustion boat
Trough-like glazed ceramic item, used in analytical experiments. One end has a hole.
Crucible
Cup-shaped containers, used for high temperature reactions. Crucibles made of porcelain are used for low temperature procedures, while crucibles made of high-temperature resistant ceramic materials, such as sintered alumina, tungsten carbide, boron nitride, zirconia, magnesia, silicon carbide are better suited when melting metals with high melting point. Crucibles may have a lid.
Evaporating dish
Evaporating dishes are thin porcelain cups, glazed on the inside and partially glazed on the exterior. They are commonly used to dry solutions, which can be done by filling the dish with solution and then placing it on a heating bath.
Mortar and pestle
Porcelain and sintered alumina mortar and pestles are widely used to grind materials. Agate is another materials used for high quality mortar and pestles.
Pipeclay triangle
Made by inserting three thick metal wires through three hollow ceramic tubes, and tying the wires at ends.
Spot plate
Glazed porcelain tiles containing 6, 8 or 12 potholes, where various liquids are added in drops for various tests, such as qualitative determination of a particular reactant present in a solution. Other names include reaction plate.
Advanced ceramicware
Ball mill grinding jar
The main grinding jar used in planetary ball mills is made of high quality sintered alumina, zirconia or other ceramic material.
Ball mill grinding media
Sintered alumina or zirconia spheres are used as grinding media in various ball mills, either rock tumblers or planetary ball mills, due to their resistance to abrasion and cannot produce sparks when struck.
Beehive shelf
Used to support a receiving jar or tube while a gas is being collected over water with a pneumatic trough.
Büchner funnel
Büchner funnels with fixed perforated disk are commonly used when filtering through a filter paper. They are made of glazed porcelain.
Cupel
Used in metallurgy to remove metal impurities, like lead from precious metals and alloys. Most tend to be made from bone ash, though fire clay and magnesia are also used. Cody's Lab uses many cupels in his videos.
Hirsch funnel
Similar in construction to the Büchner funnel, they are used in filtering.
Porous pot
Similar in function to filters and fritted glass, can be used to remove impurities.
Porous pot cells are membranes used in electrochemical cells.
Other
Desiccator plate
Perforated ceramic plates which are found inside desiccators, to separate the desiccant from the wet material.
Filter plate
In some Büchner funnels, the perforated plate can be removed, which is important if you want different pores for your funnel.
Incinerator dish
Similar to crucibles, they are mainly used to incinerate flammable materials. Come in circular and rectangular forms.
Spatula
Like its metal counterpart, it can be used to transfer solid reagents and materials from one place to another.
Storage container
Not often encountered, glazed porcelain storage jars can be used to store reagents, usually in powdered form. Since they don't offer hermetic seal, they shouldn't be used for storing sensitive materials. Sometimes used for storing energetic materials. They are more often encountered in kitchen, where they're used to store food and spices.
Tubing
Ceramic/porcelain tubing don't have a specific function in labs, but can be used as tubing, stirring rods, etc. Since they have good high temperature resistance, they can be used to safely blow air inside a kiln/furnace, as they don't melt.
