Difference between revisions of "Tetryl"
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| pKa = | | pKa = | ||
| pKb = | | pKb = | ||
| − | | Solubility = | + | | Solubility = 0.0051 g/100 ml (0.5 °C)<br>0.168 g/100 ml (98.6 °C)<ref>Taylor; Rinkenbach; Industrial and Engineering Chemistry; vol. 15; (1923); p. 280; Journal of the American Chemical Society; vol. 45; (1923); p. 105</ref> |
| − | | SolubleOther = Soluble in glacial [[acetic acid]], [[acetone]], [[benzene]], [[diethyl ether]], | + | | SolubleOther = Soluble in glacial [[acetic acid]], [[acetone]], [[ethyl acetate]], ethylene glycol diacetate, [[pyridine]]<br>Slightly soluble in [[benzene]], [[carbon disulfide]], [[carbon tetrachloride]], [[chloroform]], [[diethyl ether]], [[ethanol]] |
| − | | | + | | Solubility1 = 50.8 g/100 ml (18 °C)<ref>Desvergnes; Rev.Chim.ind.; vol. 40; (1931); p. 34</ref> |
| + | | Solvent1 = acetone | ||
| + | | Solubility2 = 4.4 g/100 ml (18 °C) | ||
| + | | Solvent2 = benzene | ||
| + | | Solubility3 = 0.0121 g/100 ml (0.4 °C)<br>0.125 g/100 ml (46.1 °C) | ||
| + | | Solvent3 = carbon disulfide | ||
| + | | Solubility4 = 0.012 g/100 ml (0.5 °C)<br> 0.41 g/100 ml (73.3 °C)<ref>Taylor; Rinkenbach; Industrial and Engineering Chemistry; vol. 15; (1923); p. 280; Journal of the American Chemical Society; vol. 45; (1923); p. 105</ref> | ||
| + | | Solvent4 = carbon tetrachloride | ||
| + | | Solubility5 = 0.43 g/100 ml (0.4 °C)<br>3.54 g/100 ml (58.8 °C) | ||
| + | | Solvent5 = chloroform | ||
| + | | Solubility6 = 0.141 g/100 ml (0.4 °C)<br> 0.33 g/100 ml (30 °C) | ||
| + | | Solvent6 = diethyl ether | ||
| + | | Solubility7 = 0.26 g/100 ml (0.5 °C)<br>0.42 g/100 ml (18 °C)<br>4.23 g/100 ml (77.1 °C) | ||
| + | | Solvent7 = ethanol | ||
| + | | Solubility8 = 15.68 g/100 ml (20 °C)<ref>Taylor; Rinkenbach; Journal of the American Chemical Society; vol. 48; (1926); p. 1309</ref> | ||
| + | | Solvent8 = ethylene glycol diacetate | ||
| + | | Solubility9 = 12.06 g/100 ml (18 °C) | ||
| + | | Solvent9 = ethyl acetate | ||
| + | | Solubility10 = 1.05 g/100 ml (18 °C) | ||
| + | | Solvent10 = methanol | ||
| + | | Solubility11 = 43.2 g/100 ml (19.5 °C) | ||
| + | | Solvent11 = pyridine | ||
| + | | Solubility12 = 2.7 g/100 ml (19.5 °C) | ||
| + | | Solvent12 = toluene | ||
| VaporPressure = <1 mmHg (20 °C) | | VaporPressure = <1 mmHg (20 °C) | ||
}} | }} | ||
| Line 117: | Line 140: | ||
===Physical=== | ===Physical=== | ||
| − | Tetryl is a yellow solid, insoluble in water. | + | Tetryl is a yellow solid, insoluble in water, but more soluble in organic solvents. |
===Explosive=== | ===Explosive=== | ||
| − | Tetryl explodes when subjected to strong heating. Its detonation velocity is 7,570 m/s | + | Tetryl explodes when subjected to strong heating. Its detonation velocity is 7,570 m/s and has a R.E. factor of 1.25. |
==Availability== | ==Availability== | ||
| Line 130: | Line 153: | ||
==Projects== | ==Projects== | ||
*Make detonators | *Make detonators | ||
| + | *Make tetrytol | ||
==Handling== | ==Handling== | ||
| Line 141: | Line 165: | ||
Can be destroyed via controlled incineration. | Can be destroyed via controlled incineration. | ||
| − | + | A safer method involves the slow and controlled addition in [[Fenton's reagent]]. | |
==References== | ==References== | ||
| Line 150: | Line 174: | ||
[[Category:Chemical compounds]] | [[Category:Chemical compounds]] | ||
[[Category:Organic compounds]] | [[Category:Organic compounds]] | ||
| − | [[Category: | + | [[Category:Nitrogen compounds]] |
[[Category:Nitroamines]] | [[Category:Nitroamines]] | ||
[[Category:Energetic materials]] | [[Category:Energetic materials]] | ||
[[Category:High explosives]] | [[Category:High explosives]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Secondary explosives]] | ||
[[Category:Things that can kill you very quickly]] | [[Category:Things that can kill you very quickly]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Irritants]] | ||
Latest revision as of 14:25, 8 July 2019
 Tetryl sample
| |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
2,4,6-Trinitrophenylmethylnitramine
| |
| Preferred IUPAC name
N-Methyl-N-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)nitramide | |
| Other names
N-Methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitroaniline
N-Methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitrophenyl-1-amine N-Methyl-N-picrylnitramine N-Picryl-N-methylnitramine Nitramine Tetralite Tetril | |
| Properties | |
| C7H5N5O8 | |
| Molar mass | 287.14 g/mol |
| Appearance | Yellow crystalline solid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.73 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 129.5 °C (265.1 °F; 402.6 K) |
| Boiling point | 187 °C (369 °F; 460 K) (decomposition) |
| 0.0051 g/100 ml (0.5 °C) 0.168 g/100 ml (98.6 °C)[1] | |
| Solubility | Soluble in glacial acetic acid, acetone, ethyl acetate, ethylene glycol diacetate, pyridine Slightly soluble in benzene, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, diethyl ether, ethanol |
| Solubility in acetone | 50.8 g/100 ml (18 °C)[2] |
| Solubility in benzene | 4.4 g/100 ml (18 °C) |
| Solubility in carbon disulfide | 0.0121 g/100 ml (0.4 °C) 0.125 g/100 ml (46.1 °C) |
| Solubility in carbon tetrachloride | 0.012 g/100 ml (0.5 °C) 0.41 g/100 ml (73.3 °C)[3] |
| Solubility in chloroform | 0.43 g/100 ml (0.4 °C) 3.54 g/100 ml (58.8 °C) |
| Vapor pressure | <1 mmHg (20 °C) |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | CPCB |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
 |
This article is a stub. Please help Sciencemadness Wiki by expanding it, adding pictures, and improving existing text.
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Tetryl (IUPAC: 2,4,6-trinitrophenylmethylnitramine) is an explosive compound used to make detonators and explosive booster charges. It has the chemical formula C7H5N5O8.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Tetryl burns when ignited, giving off black smoke.
Physical
Tetryl is a yellow solid, insoluble in water, but more soluble in organic solvents.
Explosive
Tetryl explodes when subjected to strong heating. Its detonation velocity is 7,570 m/s and has a R.E. factor of 1.25.
Availability
Tetryl is sold as detonators. Purchase requires an explosive permit.
Preparation
Tetryl can be made by adding dimethylaniline to a mixture of conc. nitric acid and sulfuric acid under controlled conditions.
Projects
- Make detonators
- Make tetrytol
Handling
Safety
Tetryl is toxic and explosive. Should be handled with care and proper protection.
Storage
Should be stored for short periods of time, in spark-free containers.
Disposal
Can be destroyed via controlled incineration.
A safer method involves the slow and controlled addition in Fenton's reagent.
References
- ↑ Taylor; Rinkenbach; Industrial and Engineering Chemistry; vol. 15; (1923); p. 280; Journal of the American Chemical Society; vol. 45; (1923); p. 105
- ↑ Desvergnes; Rev.Chim.ind.; vol. 40; (1931); p. 34
- ↑ Taylor; Rinkenbach; Industrial and Engineering Chemistry; vol. 15; (1923); p. 280; Journal of the American Chemical Society; vol. 45; (1923); p. 105
- ↑ Taylor; Rinkenbach; Journal of the American Chemical Society; vol. 48; (1926); p. 1309
