Difference between revisions of "Copper(II) phosphate"
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| + | | Name = Copper(II) phosphate | ||
| + | | Reference = | ||
| + | | IUPACName = Copper(II) phosphate | ||
| + | | PIN = | ||
| + | | SystematicName = | ||
| + | | OtherNames = Cupric phosphate<br>Tricopper bis(orthophosphate)<br>Tricopper diphosphate | ||
| + | <!-- Images --> | ||
| + | | ImageFile = Copper(II) phosphate dry.jpg | ||
| + | | ImageSize = 320 | ||
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| + | | ImageCaption = Freshly ground copper(II) phosphate intended for use in blue paint | ||
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| + | <!-- Sections --> | ||
| + | | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | ||
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| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | ||
| + | | AtmosphericOHRateConstant = | ||
| + | | Appearance = Light bluish-green powder (anhydrous)<br>Blue or olive crystals (trihydrate) | ||
| + | | BoilingPt = | ||
| + | | BoilingPtC = | ||
| + | | BoilingPt_ref = | ||
| + | | BoilingPt_notes = Decomposes | ||
| + | | Density = | ||
| + | | Formula = Cu<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> | ||
| + | | HenryConstant = | ||
| + | | LogP = | ||
| + | | MolarMass = 380.580722 g/mol (anhydrous)<br>434.63 g/mol (trihydrate) | ||
| + | | MeltingPt = | ||
| + | | MeltingPtC = 300 | ||
| + | | MeltingPt_ref = | ||
| + | | MeltingPt_notes = Decomposes | ||
| + | | Odor = Odorless | ||
| + | | pKa = | ||
| + | | pKb = | ||
| + | | Solubility = ''anhydrous:''<br>Insoluble<hr>''trihydrate:''<br>Slightly soluble | ||
| + | | SolubleOther = ''anhydrous:''<br>Soluble in [[ammonia]]<hr>''trihydrate:''<br>Soluble in aq. [[ammonia]]<br>Slightly soluble in [[acetone]]<br>Insoluble in [[alcohol]]s | ||
| + | | Solvent = | ||
| + | | VaporPressure = ~0 mmHg | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section3 = {{Chembox Structure | ||
| + | | Coordination = | ||
| + | | CrystalStruct = Orthorhombic (trihydrate) | ||
| + | | MolShape = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry | ||
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| + | | HeatCapacity = | ||
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| + | | Section5 = {{Chembox Explosive | ||
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| + | | DetonationV = | ||
| + | | REFactor = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards | ||
| + | | AutoignitionPt = Non-flammable | ||
| + | | ExploLimits = | ||
| + | | ExternalMSDS = [https://www.alfa.com/en/content/msds/english/A17360.pdf AlfaAesar] | ||
| + | | FlashPt = Non-flammable | ||
| + | | LD50 = | ||
| + | | LC50 = | ||
| + | | MainHazards = Irritant | ||
| + | | NFPA-F = | ||
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| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section7 = {{Chembox Related | ||
| + | | OtherAnions = | ||
| + | | OtherCations = | ||
| + | | OtherFunction = | ||
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| + | | OtherCompounds = [[Zinc phosphate]] | ||
| + | }} | ||
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'''Copper(II) phosphate''', or '''cupric phosphate''', is a chemical compound with the formula '''Cu<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>'''. It is a light blue powdery compound that is insoluble in water. | '''Copper(II) phosphate''', or '''cupric phosphate''', is a chemical compound with the formula '''Cu<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>'''. It is a light blue powdery compound that is insoluble in water. | ||
==Properties== | ==Properties== | ||
===Chemical=== | ===Chemical=== | ||
| − | Copper(II) phosphate will react with acids to produce the corresponding copper salt and [[phosphoric acid]]. | + | Copper(II) phosphate will react with concentrated strong acids acids, such as [[sulfuric acid]] to produce the corresponding copper salt and [[phosphoric acid]]. |
===Physical=== | ===Physical=== | ||
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==Availability== | ==Availability== | ||
| − | Copper(II) phosphate is usually unavailable for sale as it has very few applications. It is extremely easy to prepare with OTC chemicals. | + | Copper(II) phosphate is usually unavailable for sale as it has very few applications. It is however extremely easy to prepare with OTC chemicals. |
==Preparation== | ==Preparation== | ||
| − | [[File:Copper(II) phosphate. | + | [[File:Copper(II) phosphate fresh.jpg|thumb|251x251px|Freshly precipitated and filtered copper(II) phosphate]] |
| − | Copper(II) phosphate can be prepared by | + | Copper(II) phosphate can be prepared by mixing a solution of [[copper(II) sulfate]] with one of [[trisodium phosphate]] in a 3:2 molar ratio. |
:3 CuSO<sub>4 (aq)</sub> + 2 Na<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4 (aq)</sub> → 2 Cu<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2 (s)</sub> + 3 Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4 (aq)</sub> | :3 CuSO<sub>4 (aq)</sub> + 2 Na<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4 (aq)</sub> → 2 Cu<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2 (s)</sub> + 3 Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4 (aq)</sub> | ||
| − | A different preparation involves reacting [[copper(II) carbonate| | + | A different preparation involves reacting [[copper(II) carbonate]] or [[Copper(II) oxide|oxide]] with [[phosphoric acid]]: |
:3 Cu<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub> + 4 H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> → 2 Cu<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + 3 CO<sub>2</sub> + 9 H<sub>2</sub>O | :3 Cu<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub> + 4 H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> → 2 Cu<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + 3 CO<sub>2</sub> + 9 H<sub>2</sub>O | ||
| − | [[Monoammonium phosphate]] also works for this preparation. | + | |
| + | [[Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate|Monoammonium phosphate]] also works for this preparation. | ||
==Projects== | ==Projects== | ||
*Copper compounds collection | *Copper compounds collection | ||
*Paint pigments | *Paint pigments | ||
| − | *Copper (II) phosphate can be reduced to copper phosphide, which can be used to isolate phosphorous by heating it: 4 Cu<sub>3</sub>P<sub>2</sub> → 4 Cu<sub>3</sub>P + P<sub>4</sub> | + | *Copper (II) phosphate can be reduced to copper phosphide, which can be used to isolate elemental phosphorous by heating it: 4 Cu<sub>3</sub>P<sub>2</sub> → 4 Cu<sub>3</sub>P + P<sub>4</sub> |
==Handling== | ==Handling== | ||
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[[Category:Copper compounds]] | [[Category:Copper compounds]] | ||
[[Category:Phosphates]] | [[Category:Phosphates]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Insoluble compounds]] | ||
[[Category:Easily prepared chemicals]] | [[Category:Easily prepared chemicals]] | ||
Latest revision as of 18:39, 3 October 2018
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_phosphate_dry.jpg) Freshly ground copper(II) phosphate intended for use in blue paint
| |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Copper(II) phosphate
| |
| Other names
Cupric phosphate
Tricopper bis(orthophosphate) Tricopper diphosphate | |
| Properties | |
| Cu3(PO4)2 | |
| Molar mass | 380.580722 g/mol (anhydrous) 434.63 g/mol (trihydrate) |
| Appearance | Light bluish-green powder (anhydrous) Blue or olive crystals (trihydrate) |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Melting point | 300 °C (572 °F; 573 K) Decomposes |
| Boiling point | Decomposes |
| anhydrous: Insoluble trihydrate: Slightly soluble | |
| Solubility | anhydrous: Soluble in ammonia trihydrate: Soluble in aq. ammonia Slightly soluble in acetone Insoluble in alcohols |
| Vapor pressure | ~0 mmHg |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | AlfaAesar |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Zinc phosphate |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Copper(II) phosphate, or cupric phosphate, is a chemical compound with the formula Cu3(PO4)2. It is a light blue powdery compound that is insoluble in water.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Copper(II) phosphate will react with concentrated strong acids acids, such as sulfuric acid to produce the corresponding copper salt and phosphoric acid.
Physical
Copper(II) phosphate is a light blue, powdery substance that is insoluble in water and ethanol, but soluble in ammonia and mineral acids.
Availability
Copper(II) phosphate is usually unavailable for sale as it has very few applications. It is however extremely easy to prepare with OTC chemicals.
Preparation
_phosphate_fresh.jpg)
Copper(II) phosphate can be prepared by mixing a solution of copper(II) sulfate with one of trisodium phosphate in a 3:2 molar ratio.
- 3 CuSO4 (aq) + 2 Na3PO4 (aq) → 2 Cu3(PO4)2 (s) + 3 Na2SO4 (aq)
A different preparation involves reacting copper(II) carbonate or oxide with phosphoric acid:
- 3 Cu2CO3(OH)2 + 4 H3PO4 → 2 Cu3(PO4)2 + 3 CO2 + 9 H2O
Monoammonium phosphate also works for this preparation.
Projects
- Copper compounds collection
- Paint pigments
- Copper (II) phosphate can be reduced to copper phosphide, which can be used to isolate elemental phosphorous by heating it: 4 Cu3P2 → 4 Cu3P + P4
Handling
Safety
Like all copper compounds, copper(II) phosphate is mildly toxic, but since it is insoluble it is less of a concern than soluble compounds.[1]
Storage
Copper(II) phosphate should be stored in closed bottles.
Disposal
Copper phosphate should be disposed just like any other copper compound.
