Difference between revisions of "Iron(II,III) oxide"

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[[File:Magnetite.jpg|thumb|Magnetite sample.]]
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| Name = Iron(II, III) oxide
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| IUPACName = Iron(II) iron(III) oxide
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| OtherNames = Black iron oxide, ferroso ferric oxide, ferrous ferric oxide, iron(II,III) oxide, iron(II) diiron(III) oxide, lodestone, magnetite, rust
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
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| Appearance = Black solid
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| BoilingPt_notes = Decomposes
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| Density = 5 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
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| Formula = Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub><br>FeO·Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>
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| MolarMass = 231.533 g/mol
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| MeltingPtC = 1,597
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| ExternalMSDS = [https://www.docdroid.net/9coiymN/ironiiiii-oxide-sa.pdf.html Sigma-Aldrich]
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'''Iron(II,III) oxide''', also known as '''ferrous ferric oxide''', '''black iron oxide''', or mineral '''magnetite''' is an iron oxide with the chemical formula '''Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>'''.
 
'''Iron(II,III) oxide''', also known as '''ferrous ferric oxide''', '''black iron oxide''', or mineral '''magnetite''' is an iron oxide with the chemical formula '''Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>'''.
  

Revision as of 16:58, 11 March 2017

Iron(II, III) oxide
Magnetite.jpg
Magnetite sample.
Names
IUPAC name
Iron(II) iron(III) oxide
Other names
Black iron oxide, ferroso ferric oxide, ferrous ferric oxide, iron(II,III) oxide, iron(II) diiron(III) oxide, lodestone, magnetite, rust
Properties
Fe3O4
FeO·Fe2O3
Molar mass 231.533 g/mol
Appearance Black solid
Density 5 g/cm3
Melting point 1,597 °C (2,907 °F; 1,870 K) (decomposition)
Boiling point Decomposes
Hazards
Safety data sheet Sigma-Aldrich
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
5,000 mg/kg (rat, oral)
Related compounds
Related compounds
 Iron(III) oxide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Iron(II,III) oxide, also known as ferrous ferric oxide, black iron oxide, or mineral magnetite is an iron oxide with the chemical formula Fe3O4.

Properties

Chemical

Magnitite can be calcinated in air to yield iron(III) oxide:

2Fe3O4 + ½ O2 → 3 Fe2O3

Physical

Iron(II,III) oxide is a black compound, insoluble in water. It is ferrimagnetic and an electrical conductor.

Availability

Black iron oxide is available as pigment in pottery shops and can be cheaply purchased.

Preparation

There are several ways to prepare magnetite. One method involves the reduction of nitrobenzene with iron and water, in the presence of iron(II) chloride, process that reduces the nitrobenzene to aniline. It can also be done by precipitating iron(II) salts as hydroxides, then carefully oxidizing the resulting iron(II) hydroxide at controlled pH.

Black iron oxide can also be prepared by oxidizing iron(II) hydroxide with water, in an oxygen-free medium.

3 Fe(OH)2 → Fe3O4 + H2 + 2 H2O

This process is known as Schikorr reaction.

Another method of producing this oxide is burning iron wire in oxygen.

3 Fe + 2 O2 → Fe3O4

This reaction may also give other iron oxides.

Projects

  • Thermite
  • Water-gas shift reaction catalyst

Handling

Safety

Black iron oxide is not particularly toxic, unless large amounts are consumed. Inhalation of finely powdered magnetite may lead to lung conditions.

Storage

It should be stored in closed containers, away from acidic vapors.

Disposal

As iron(II,III) oxide occurs naturally, it is not harmful to the environment and can be useful as an iron supplement for soil.

References

Relevant Sciencemadness threads

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