Difference between revisions of "Propylene carbonate"

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[[File:Sample of propylene carbonate.jpg|thumb|Lab grade propylene carbonate]]
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{{Chembox
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'''Propylene carbonate''' (often abbreviated '''PC''') is an organic compound with the formula CH<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>CO. It is a carbonate ester derived from propylene glycol. This colorless and odorless liquid is useful as a polar, aprotic solvent. Propylene carbonate is chiral but is used exclusively as the racemic mixture.
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| Name = Propylene carbonate
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| Reference =
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| IUPACName = 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
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| PIN =
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| SystematicName =
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| OtherNames = 1,2-Propanediol carbonate<br>4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane<br>Arconate 5000<br>(R,S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one<br>Texacar PC
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| ImageCaption = Lab grade propylene carbonate
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
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| AtmosphericOHRateConstant =
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| Appearance = Colorless liquid
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| BoilingPt =
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| BoilingPtC = 242
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| Density = 1.205 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
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| Formula = C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>3</sub>
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| MolarMass = 102.09 g/mol
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| MeltingPtC = -48.8
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| Odor = Odorless
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| Solubility = 24 g/100 ml (20°C)
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| SolubleOther = Miscible with [[acetone]], [[benzene]], [[chloroform]], [[ethyl acetate]]
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| VaporPressure = 0.045 mm Hg (25 °C)
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| HeatCapacity = 174.1 J·mol<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup>
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| AutoignitionPt = 455 °C (851 °F; 728 K)
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| ExternalMSDS = [https://www.docdroid.net/2Slyusp/propylene-carbonate-sa.pdf.html Sigma-Aldrich]
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| FlashPt = 132 °C (270 °F; 405 K)
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'''Propylene carbonate''' (often abbreviated '''PC''') is an organic compound with the formula '''CH<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>CO'''. It is a carbonate ester derived from [[propylene glycol]]. This colorless and odorless liquid is useful as a polar, aprotic solvent. Propylene carbonate is chiral but is used exclusively as the racemic mixture.
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
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==Preparation==
 
==Preparation==
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PC can be prepared from 1,2-propylene glycol and a metal carbonate. Described here: [http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1451-9372/2011/1451-93721100018Z.pdf]
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PC can be prepared from [[propylene glycol|1,2-propylene glycol]] and [[urea]] with a metal carbonate catalyst. Synthesis is described [http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1451-9372/2011/1451-93721100018Z.pdf here].
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[[Zinc acetate]] can also be used as catalyst.<ref>https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie049948i</ref>
  
 
==Projects==
 
==Projects==
 
*PC can be used for the electrodeposition of the alkali metals at STP as seen [http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF00608791 here].
 
*PC can be used for the electrodeposition of the alkali metals at STP as seen [http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF00608791 here].
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*High-permittivity component of electrolytes in lithium batteries
  
 
==Handling==
 
==Handling==
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===Storage===
 
===Storage===
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Propylene carbonate can be stored in closed bottles, away from moisture to prevent contamination.
  
 
===Disposal===
 
===Disposal===
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As propylene carbonate has low toxicity, it can be safely poured down the drain.
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
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===Relevant Sciencemadness threads===
 
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads===
 
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=29291 Electrolysis of alkali salts at STP]
 
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=29291 Electrolysis of alkali salts at STP]
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[[File:PC.png|thumb|???]]
 
  
 
[[Category:Chemical compounds]]
 
[[Category:Chemical compounds]]
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[[Category:Aprotic solvents]]
 
[[Category:Aprotic solvents]]
 
[[Category:Inert chemicals]]
 
[[Category:Inert chemicals]]
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[[Category:Liquids]]

Latest revision as of 19:28, 17 July 2024

Propylene carbonate
Sample of propylene carbonate.jpg
Lab grade propylene carbonate
Names
IUPAC name
4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
Other names
1,2-Propanediol carbonate
4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane
Arconate 5000
(R,S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
Texacar PC
Properties
C4H6O3
Molar mass 102.09 g/mol
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Odorless
Density 1.205 g/cm3
Melting point −48.8 °C (−55.8 °F; 224.3 K)
Boiling point 242 °C (468 °F; 515 K)
24 g/100 ml (20°C)
Solubility Miscible with acetone, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate
Vapor pressure 0.045 mm Hg (25 °C)
Thermochemistry
Hazards
Safety data sheet Sigma-Aldrich
Flash point 132 °C (270 °F; 405 K)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Propylene carbonate (often abbreviated PC) is an organic compound with the formula CH3C2H3O2CO. It is a carbonate ester derived from propylene glycol. This colorless and odorless liquid is useful as a polar, aprotic solvent. Propylene carbonate is chiral but is used exclusively as the racemic mixture.

Properties

Chemical

Propylene carbonate is often used as a solvent for electrolysis.

Physical

Propylene carbonate is a colorless liquid freezing at -48.8°C and boiling at 242°C. Propylene carbonate has a vapor pressure of 0.13 mmHg at 20°C, and 0.98 mmHg at 50°C[1].

Availability

Propylene carbonate is sold by chemical suppliers or can sometimes be found on eBay.

Preparation

PC can be prepared from 1,2-propylene glycol and urea with a metal carbonate catalyst. Synthesis is described here.

Zinc acetate can also be used as catalyst.[2]

Projects

  • PC can be used for the electrodeposition of the alkali metals at STP as seen here.
  • High-permittivity component of electrolytes in lithium batteries

Handling

Safety

Propylene glycol has little toxicity.

Storage

Propylene carbonate can be stored in closed bottles, away from moisture to prevent contamination.

Disposal

As propylene carbonate has low toxicity, it can be safely poured down the drain.

References

  1. ↑ http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sial/310328
  2. ↑ https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie049948i

Relevant Sciencemadness threads

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