Difference between revisions of "Propanol"
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(Created page with "{{Stub}} '''Propanol''', also known as '''1-propanol''', '''propan-1-ol''', '''1-propyl alcohol''', '''n-propyl alcohol''', or '''n-propanol''', is a primary alcohol with the...") |
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| − | '''Propanol''', also known as '''1-propanol''', '''propan-1-ol''', '''1-propyl alcohol''', '''n-propyl alcohol''', or '''n-propanol''', is a primary alcohol with the formula CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub> | + | {{Chembox |
| + | | Name = Propanol | ||
| + | | Reference = | ||
| + | | IUPACName = Propan-1-ol | ||
| + | | PIN = | ||
| + | | SystematicName = | ||
| + | | OtherNames = 1-Hydroxypropane<br>Ethylcarbinol<br>n-PrOH<br>n-Propanol<br>n-Propyl alcohol<br>Propionic alcohol<br>Propionyl alcohol<br>Propionylol<br>Propyl alcohol<br>Propylic alcohol<br>Propylol | ||
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| + | <!-- Sections --> | ||
| + | | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | ||
| + | | 3DMet = | ||
| + | | Abbreviations = | ||
| + | | SMILES = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | ||
| + | | AtmosphericOHRateConstant = | ||
| + | | Appearance = Colorless liquid | ||
| + | | BoilingPt = | ||
| + | | BoilingPtC = 97.2 | ||
| + | | BoilingPt_ref = | ||
| + | | BoilingPt_notes = | ||
| + | | Density = 0.803 g/mL | ||
| + | | Formula = C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O | ||
| + | | HenryConstant = | ||
| + | | LogP = 0.329 | ||
| + | | MolarMass = 60.10 g/mol | ||
| + | | MeltingPt = | ||
| + | | MeltingPtC = −126 | ||
| + | | MeltingPt_ref = | ||
| + | | MeltingPt_notes = | ||
| + | | Odor = Alcoholic | ||
| + | | pKa = 16 | ||
| + | | pKb = -2 | ||
| + | | Solubility = Miscible | ||
| + | | SolubleOther = Miscible with [[alcohol]]s, [[ester]]s, [[ether]]s, glycols, [[acetone]] | ||
| + | | Solvent = | ||
| + | | VaporPressure = 21.0 mmHg (25 °C) | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section3 = {{Chembox Structure | ||
| + | | Coordination = | ||
| + | | CrystalStruct = | ||
| + | | MolShape = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry | ||
| + | | DeltaGf = | ||
| + | | DeltaHc = −2,021.56–−2,021.06 kJ/mol | ||
| + | | DeltaHf = −302.79–−302.29 kJ/mol | ||
| + | | Entropy = 192.8 J·K<sup>−1</sup>·mol<sup>−1</sup> | ||
| + | | HeatCapacity = 143.96 J·K<sup>−1</sup>·mol<sup>−1</sup> | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section5 = {{Chembox Explosive | ||
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| + | | REFactor = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards | ||
| + | | AutoignitionPt = 371 °C (700 °F; 644 K) | ||
| + | | ExploLimits = 2.2% - 13.7% | ||
| + | | ExternalMSDS = [https://www.docdroid.net/b1shZwz/propanol-sa.pdf.html Sigma-Aldrich] | ||
| + | | FlashPt = 22 °C (72 °F; 295 K) | ||
| + | | LD50 = 2,800 mg/kg (rabbit, oral)<br>6,800 mg/kg (mouse, oral)<br>1,870 mg/kg (rat, oral) | ||
| + | | LC50 = | ||
| + | | MainHazards = Flammable | ||
| + | | NFPA-F = | ||
| + | | NFPA-H = | ||
| + | | NFPA-R = | ||
| + | | NFPA-S = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section7 = {{Chembox Related | ||
| + | | OtherAnions = | ||
| + | | OtherCations = | ||
| + | | OtherFunction = | ||
| + | | OtherFunction_label = | ||
| + | | OtherCompounds = [[Ethanol]]<br>[[Butanol]] | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | '''Propanol''', also known as '''1-propanol''', '''propan-1-ol''', '''1-propyl alcohol''', '''n-propyl alcohol''', or '''n-propanol''', is a primary alcohol with the formula '''CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OH'''. | ||
==Properties== | ==Properties== | ||
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==Handling== | ==Handling== | ||
===Safety=== | ===Safety=== | ||
| − | Propanol is thought to be similar to ethanol in its effects on human body, but 2-4 times more potent. | + | Propanol is thought to be similar to ethanol in its effects on human body, but 2-4 times more potent. However, the toxicity of propanol is comparable to that of [[methanol]] (LD50 1870 mg/kg, as compared to 1500 mg/kg of methanol and 7060 mg/kg of ethanol), so it should never be consumed. |
===Storage=== | ===Storage=== | ||
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<references/> | <references/> | ||
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads=== | ===Relevant Sciencemadness threads=== | ||
| + | *[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=13477 Cheap Propanol?] | ||
| + | *[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=63718 n-propanol to propionaldehyde] | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Category:Chemical compounds]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Organic compounds]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Alcohols]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Primary alcohols]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Solvents]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Polar solvents]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Volatile chemicals]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Liquids]] | ||
Latest revision as of 11:13, 9 June 2023
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Propan-1-ol
| |
| Other names
1-Hydroxypropane
Ethylcarbinol n-PrOH n-Propanol n-Propyl alcohol Propionic alcohol Propionyl alcohol Propionylol Propyl alcohol Propylic alcohol Propylol | |
| Properties | |
| C3H8O | |
| Molar mass | 60.10 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Alcoholic |
| Density | 0.803 g/mL |
| Melting point | −126 °C (−195 °F; 147 K) |
| Boiling point | 97.2 °C (207.0 °F; 370.3 K) |
| Miscible | |
| Solubility | Miscible with alcohols, esters, ethers, glycols, acetone |
| Vapor pressure | 21.0 mmHg (25 °C) |
| Acidity (pKa) | 16 |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar
entropy (S |
192.8 J·K−1·mol−1 |
| Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH |
−302.79–−302.29 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | Sigma-Aldrich |
| Flash point | 22 °C (72 °F; 295 K) |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
| LD50 (Median dose)
|
2,800 mg/kg (rabbit, oral) 6,800 mg/kg (mouse, oral) 1,870 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Ethanol Butanol |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Propanol, also known as 1-propanol, propan-1-ol, 1-propyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, or n-propanol, is a primary alcohol with the formula CH3CH2CH2OH.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Oxidation of 1-propanol with chromic acid yields propionic acid.
Physical
Propanol is a colorless liquid with an alcohol like smell. It is miscible in water and many organic solvents.
Availability
Delete this section if not applicable
Preparation
1-Propanol is manufactured by catalytic hydrogenation of propionaldehyde.
Projects
- Make n-propyl iodide
Handling
Safety
Propanol is thought to be similar to ethanol in its effects on human body, but 2-4 times more potent. However, the toxicity of propanol is comparable to that of methanol (LD50 1870 mg/kg, as compared to 1500 mg/kg of methanol and 7060 mg/kg of ethanol), so it should never be consumed.
Storage
In closed bottles away from any heat source.
Disposal
Propanol can be safely burned.
