Difference between revisions of "Manganese(II) sulfate"

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| OtherNames = Manganese sulfate
 
| OtherNames = Manganese sulfate
 
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| ImageFile = Manganese(II) sulfate bottle sample.jpg
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| ImageFile = MnSO4 4.jpg
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| ImageSize = 250
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| ImageSize = 300
 
| ImageAlt =  
 
| ImageAlt =  
 
| ImageName =  
 
| ImageName =  
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| ImageCaption = MnSO<sub>4</sub> sample and its original bottle. The compound is more pinkish in person.
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| ImageCaption = Manganese(II) sulfate heptahydrate crystals
 
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| MeltingPt_ref =  
 
| MeltingPt_ref =  
 
| MeltingPt_notes = 710 °C (1,310 °F; 983 K) (anhydrous)<br>27 °C (80.6 °F; 300.15 K) (tetrahydrate)
 
| MeltingPt_notes = 710 °C (1,310 °F; 983 K) (anhydrous)<br>27 °C (80.6 °F; 300.15 K) (tetrahydrate)
 +
| Odor = Odorless
 
| pKa =  
 
| pKa =  
 
| pKb =  
 
| pKb =  
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   }}
 
   }}
 
| Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards
 
| Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards
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| AutoignitionPt =  
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| AutoignitionPt = Non-flammable
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| ExploLimits =  
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| ExploLimits = Non-explosive
 
| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.dogee.org/lab/chemicals/1806.pdf DoGEE (monohydrate)]
 
| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.dogee.org/lab/chemicals/1806.pdf DoGEE (monohydrate)]
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| FlashPt =  
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| FlashPt = Non-flammable
 
| LD50 =  
 
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| LC50 =  
 
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   }}
 
   }}
 
| Section7 = {{Chembox Related
 
| Section7 = {{Chembox Related
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| OtherAnions = [[Manganese(II) chloride]]
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| OtherAnions =  
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| OtherCations = [[Iron(II) sulfate]]
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| OtherCations =  
 
| OtherFunction =  
 
| OtherFunction =  
 
| OtherFunction_label =  
 
| OtherFunction_label =  
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| OtherCompounds =  
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| OtherCompounds = [[Chromium(III) sulfate]]<br>[[Iron(II) sulfate]]
 
   }}
 
   }}
 
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==Availability==
 
==Availability==
 
Manganese sulfate is sold by various chemical suppliers.
 
Manganese sulfate is sold by various chemical suppliers.
 +
 +
Manganese sulfate monohydrate is available as fertilizer and can be found in many gardening stores, or online.
  
 
==Preparation==
 
==Preparation==
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One involves the direct reaction of [[sulfuric acid]] with [[manganese]] metal:
 
One involves the direct reaction of [[sulfuric acid]] with [[manganese]] metal:
−
:H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> + Mn → MnSO<sub>4</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>
+
: H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> + Mn → MnSO<sub>4</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>
  
 
This reaction however, does not work with [[manganese dioxide]], which is more available that manganese metal. There are a few ways around though:
 
This reaction however, does not work with [[manganese dioxide]], which is more available that manganese metal. There are a few ways around though:
  
−
One way is to react manganese dioxide with [[oxalic acid]] and then react the resulting manganese oxalate/carbonate with sulfuric acid.
+
One way is to react manganese dioxide with [[oxalic acid]] and then react the resulting manganese oxalate/carbonate with dilute sulfuric acid.
  
−
Another method involves bubbling [[sulfur dioxide]] through a suspension of manganese dioxide in water, and the filtering the solution.
+
A more conveninet method involves reacting [[sulfur dioxide]] with powdered manganese dioxide. This reaction can be achieved in two ways: bubbling [[sulfur dioxide]] in an aqueous suspension of manganese dioxide, while the other involves adding an aq. solution of sulfur dioxide (sold by winemaking suppliers) with manganese dioxide powder. Both reactions are exothermic, so the synthesis must be done outside or in a fumehood, since lots of sulfur dioxide will be produced as side product. After the reaction is complete, the solution must be filtered to remove the insoluble products.
  
−
:MnO<sub>2</sub> + SO<sub>2</sub> → MnSO<sub>4</sub>
+
: MnO<sub>2</sub> + SO<sub>2</sub> → MnSO<sub>4</sub>
  
 
You can also dissolve manganese alloys in sulfuric acid, however the resulting manganese sulfate will be contaminated with iron sulfate as well as other sulfates.
 
You can also dissolve manganese alloys in sulfuric acid, however the resulting manganese sulfate will be contaminated with iron sulfate as well as other sulfates.
  
 
==Projects==
 
==Projects==
−
*Make very pure manganese dioxide
+
*Make very pure manganese dioxide (chemically or electrochemically)
 +
*Source of manganese ions
  
 
==Handling==
 
==Handling==
 
===Safety===
 
===Safety===
 +
Long-term exposure to manganese dust or compounds will lead to manganese poisoning, also known as manganism.
  
 
===Storage===
 
===Storage===
 +
Manganese sulfate should be kept in closed plastic or glass bottles.
  
 
===Disposal===
 
===Disposal===
 +
Manganese sulfate should be precipitated to manganese dioxide and then sent to waste disposal centers. Waste batteries centers might also pick up manganese waste.
 +
 +
==Gallery==
 +
<gallery widths="300" position="center" columns="4" orientation="none">
 +
MnSO4 1.jpeg|A large crystal of MnSO<sub>4</sub>
 +
MnSO4 3.jpg|Ditto
 +
MnSO4 2.jpeg|Crystal compared to a coin
 +
Manganese(II) sulfate bottle sample.jpg|MnSO<sub>4</sub> sample and its original bottle. The sample is more pinkish in person.
 +
</gallery>
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
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[[Category:Sulfates]]
 
[[Category:Sulfates]]
 
[[Category:Easily prepared chemicals]]
 
[[Category:Easily prepared chemicals]]
 +
[[Category:Readily available chemicals]]

Latest revision as of 20:21, 20 March 2023

Manganese(II) sulfate
MnSO4 4.jpg
Manganese(II) sulfate heptahydrate crystals
Names
IUPAC name
Manganese(II) sulfate
Systematic IUPAC name
Manganese(II) sulfate
Other names
Manganese sulfate
Identifiers
Jmol-3D images Image
Properties
MnSO4
Molar mass 151.001 g/mol (anhydrous)
169.02 g/mol (monohydrate)
223.07 g/mol (tetrahydrate)
277.11 g/mol (heptahydrate)
Appearance White solid (anhydrous)
Pink crystalline solid (hydrated)
Odor Odorless
Density 3.25 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
2.95 g/cm3 (monohydrate)
2.107 g/cm3 (tetrahydrate)
Melting point 710 °C (1,310 °F; 983 K) (anhydrous)
27 °C (80.6 °F; 300.15 K) (tetrahydrate)
Boiling point 850 °C (1,560 °F; 1,120 K) (anhydrous)
52 g/100 mL (5 °C)
70 g/100 mL (7 °C)
Solubility Soluble in ethanol, methanol
Insoluble in diethyl ether, toluene
Hazards
Safety data sheet DoGEE (monohydrate)
Flash point Non-flammable
Related compounds
Related compounds
 Chromium(III) sulfate
Iron(II) sulfate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Manganese(II) sulfate is the sulfate salt of manganese, with the formula MnSO4. Although the anhydrous salt is white, its hydrates are pinkish in color.

Properties

Chemical

Manganese(II) sulfate will precipitate as manganese hydroxide when mixed with a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide.

Physical

Manganese sulfate is a pinkish crystalline salt, soluble in water, as well as primary alcohols, though insoluble in aprotic solvents, such as benzene or diethyl ether. It is most often encountered as monohydrate form, though other hydrates, like tetrahydrate, pentahydrate, and heptahydrate also exist.

Availability

Manganese sulfate is sold by various chemical suppliers.

Manganese sulfate monohydrate is available as fertilizer and can be found in many gardening stores, or online.

Preparation

There are a few ways to make manganese(II) sulfate.

One involves the direct reaction of sulfuric acid with manganese metal:

H2SO4 + Mn → MnSO4 + H2

This reaction however, does not work with manganese dioxide, which is more available that manganese metal. There are a few ways around though:

One way is to react manganese dioxide with oxalic acid and then react the resulting manganese oxalate/carbonate with dilute sulfuric acid.

A more conveninet method involves reacting sulfur dioxide with powdered manganese dioxide. This reaction can be achieved in two ways: bubbling sulfur dioxide in an aqueous suspension of manganese dioxide, while the other involves adding an aq. solution of sulfur dioxide (sold by winemaking suppliers) with manganese dioxide powder. Both reactions are exothermic, so the synthesis must be done outside or in a fumehood, since lots of sulfur dioxide will be produced as side product. After the reaction is complete, the solution must be filtered to remove the insoluble products.

MnO2 + SO2 → MnSO4

You can also dissolve manganese alloys in sulfuric acid, however the resulting manganese sulfate will be contaminated with iron sulfate as well as other sulfates.

Projects

  • Make very pure manganese dioxide (chemically or electrochemically)
  • Source of manganese ions

Handling

Safety

Long-term exposure to manganese dust or compounds will lead to manganese poisoning, also known as manganism.

Storage

Manganese sulfate should be kept in closed plastic or glass bottles.

Disposal

Manganese sulfate should be precipitated to manganese dioxide and then sent to waste disposal centers. Waste batteries centers might also pick up manganese waste.

Gallery

  • A large crystal of MnSO4

  • Ditto

  • Crystal compared to a coin

  • MnSO4 sample and its original bottle. The sample is more pinkish in person.

References

Relevant Sciencemadness threads

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