Difference between revisions of "Disulfur dichloride"
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| − | {{stub}}'''Disulfur dichloride''' is the chemical compound of sulfur and chlorine with the formula S<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>. | + | {{stub}} |
| + | {{Chembox | ||
| + | | Name = Disulfur dichloride | ||
| + | | Reference = | ||
| + | | IUPACName = Disulfur dichloride | ||
| + | | PIN = | ||
| + | | SystematicName = Dichlorodisulfane | ||
| + | | OtherNames = Bis(chloridosulfur)(S–S)<br>Chlorosulfane<br>Dimeric sulfenic chloride<br>Sulfur monochloride<br>Sulfur subchloride<br>Thiosulfurous dichloride | ||
| + | <!-- Images --> | ||
| + | | ImageFile = Disulfur dichloride by Doug's Lab.jpg | ||
| + | | ImageSize = 300 | ||
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| + | | ImageCaption = Freshly prepared disulfur dichloride. | ||
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| + | <!-- Sections --> | ||
| + | | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | ||
| + | | 3DMet = | ||
| + | | Abbreviations = | ||
| + | | SMILES = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | ||
| + | | AtmosphericOHRateConstant = | ||
| + | | Appearance = Light-amber to yellow-red oily liquid | ||
| + | | BoilingPt = | ||
| + | | BoilingPtC = 137.1 | ||
| + | | BoilingPt_ref = | ||
| + | | BoilingPt_notes = | ||
| + | | Density = 1.688 g/cm<sup>3</sup> | ||
| + | | Formula = S<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub> | ||
| + | | HenryConstant = | ||
| + | | LogP = | ||
| + | | MolarMass = 135.04 g/mol | ||
| + | | MeltingPt = | ||
| + | | MeltingPtC = −80 | ||
| + | | MeltingPt_ref = | ||
| + | | MeltingPt_notes = | ||
| + | | Odor = Pungent, suffocating | ||
| + | | pKa = | ||
| + | | pKb = | ||
| + | | Solubility = Hydrolyzes | ||
| + | | SolubleOther = Soluble in amyl acetate, [[benzene]], [[bromine]], [[bromoacetic acid]], [[carbon tetrachloride]], [[chloroform]], [[diethyl ether]], [[ethanol]], fuming cold [[nitric acid|HNO<sub>3</sub>]], liq. [[chlorine]], liq. [[sulfur dioxide|SO<sub>2</sub>]], [[tin(IV) chloride]], | ||
| + | | Solvent = | ||
| + | | VaporPressure = 7 mmHg (20 °C) | ||
| + | | Viscosity = 0.978 cP | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section3 = {{Chembox Structure | ||
| + | | Coordination = | ||
| + | | CrystalStruct = | ||
| + | | MolShape = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry | ||
| + | | DeltaGf = | ||
| + | | DeltaHc = | ||
| + | | DeltaHf = 754.2 kJ/mol | ||
| + | | Entropy = | ||
| + | | HeatCapacity = 124 J·mol<sup>-1</sup>K<sup>-1</sup> | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section5 = {{Chembox Explosive | ||
| + | | ShockSens = | ||
| + | | FrictionSens = | ||
| + | | DetonationV = | ||
| + | | REFactor = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards | ||
| + | | AutoignitionPt = 234 °C | ||
| + | | ExploLimits = | ||
| + | | ExternalMSDS = [http://www.cpcb.nic.in/divisionsofheadoffice/pci-ssi/MATERIAL_SAFETY-DATABASE/MSDS2008/588.pdf CPCB] | ||
| + | | FlashPt = 118.5 °C | ||
| + | | LD50 = | ||
| + | | LC50 = | ||
| + | | MainHazards = Toxic<br>Corrosive<br>Reacts with water | ||
| + | | NFPA-F = | ||
| + | | NFPA-H = | ||
| + | | NFPA-R = | ||
| + | | NFPA-S = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section7 = {{Chembox Related | ||
| + | | OtherAnions = | ||
| + | | OtherCations = | ||
| + | | OtherFunction = | ||
| + | | OtherFunction_label = | ||
| + | | OtherCompounds = [[Sulfur dichloride]]<br>[[Sulfuryl chloride]]<br>[[Thionyl chloride]] | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | '''Disulfur dichloride''' is the chemical compound of sulfur and chlorine with the formula '''S<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>'''. | ||
==Properties== | ==Properties== | ||
===Chemical=== | ===Chemical=== | ||
Disulfur dichloride is sensitive to moist air, due to reaction with water: | Disulfur dichloride is sensitive to moist air, due to reaction with water: | ||
| − | :2 S<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub> + 2 H<sub>2</sub>O → SO<sub>2</sub> + 4 HCl + 3/8 S<sub>8</sub> | + | |
| + | : 2 S<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub> + 2 H<sub>2</sub>O → SO<sub>2</sub> + 4 HCl + 3/8 S<sub>8</sub> | ||
===Physical=== | ===Physical=== | ||
| − | Pure disulfur dichloride is a yellow liquid, with a | + | Pure disulfur dichloride is a yellow liquid, with a pungent irritating odor, that fumes in air. It reacts with water and alcohols. |
==Availability== | ==Availability== | ||
| − | Disulfur dichloride can be purchased from chemical supplier, however due to | + | Disulfur dichloride can be purchased from chemical supplier, however due to its hazardous nature, it cannot be normally bought by individuals. |
| + | |||
| + | Disulfur dichloride is listed in Schedule 3 Part B - Precursor Chemicals of the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) and its production, sale or consumption may be subject to control by the OPCW (Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons) over a certain quantity. | ||
==Preparation== | ==Preparation== | ||
| − | Disulfur dichloride can be prepared by bubbling dry chlorine through molten sulfur. | + | Disulfur dichloride can be prepared by bubbling dry chlorine through molten sulfur. |
| + | Direct chlorination of powdered sulfur also works with lower efficiency. | ||
| + | In either case distillation is required for purification. | ||
==Projects== | ==Projects== | ||
*[[Tetrasulfur tetranitride]] synthesis | *[[Tetrasulfur tetranitride]] synthesis | ||
| + | *Make [[sulfur dichloride]] | ||
==Handling== | ==Handling== | ||
===Safety=== | ===Safety=== | ||
| − | Disulfur dichloride will react with water to release HCl and sulfur dioxide. | + | Disulfur dichloride is highly corrosive and toxic. It will react with water to release HCl and sulfur dioxide. |
===Storage=== | ===Storage=== | ||
| − | Disulfur dichloride should be stored in sealed bottles in a special cabinet. | + | Disulfur dichloride should be ampouled or stored in sealed bottles in a special cabinet. |
| + | Ground glass is inappropriate as escaping vapour reacts with atmospheric air, depositing solid sulfur in the glass joints, fusing them together. | ||
===Disposal=== | ===Disposal=== | ||
| − | Disulfur dichloride can be neutralized by mixing it with a basic solution. Slaked lime is very good. | + | Disulfur dichloride can be neutralized by mixing it with a basic solution. Slaked lime is a very good and cheap neutralizing agent. Since there will be lots of splashing, do this outside or under a fumehood. |
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| Line 35: | Line 154: | ||
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads=== | ===Relevant Sciencemadness threads=== | ||
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=2467 disulfur dichloride] | *[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=2467 disulfur dichloride] | ||
| + | *[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=62254 Another Go at Making Disulphur Dichloride] | ||
[[Category:Chemical compounds]] | [[Category:Chemical compounds]] | ||
| Line 40: | Line 160: | ||
[[Category:Sulfur compounds]] | [[Category:Sulfur compounds]] | ||
[[Category:Chlorides]] | [[Category:Chlorides]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Materials unstable in basic solution]] | ||
[[Category:Materials that react with water]] | [[Category:Materials that react with water]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Schedule 3 chemicals]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Liquids]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Irritants]] | ||
Latest revision as of 20:42, 22 November 2020
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|
 Freshly prepared disulfur dichloride.
| |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Disulfur dichloride
| |
| Systematic IUPAC name
Dichlorodisulfane | |
| Other names
Bis(chloridosulfur)(S–S)
Chlorosulfane Dimeric sulfenic chloride Sulfur monochloride Sulfur subchloride Thiosulfurous dichloride | |
| Properties | |
| S2Cl2 | |
| Molar mass | 135.04 g/mol |
| Appearance | Light-amber to yellow-red oily liquid |
| Odor | Pungent, suffocating |
| Density | 1.688 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | −80 °C (−112 °F; 193 K) |
| Boiling point | 137.1 °C (278.8 °F; 410.2 K) |
| Hydrolyzes | |
| Solubility | Soluble in amyl acetate, benzene, bromine, bromoacetic acid, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, diethyl ether, ethanol, fuming cold HNO3, liq. chlorine, liq. SO2, tin(IV) chloride, |
| Vapor pressure | 7 mmHg (20 °C) |
| Viscosity | 0.978 cP |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH |
754.2 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | CPCB |
| Flash point | 118.5 °C |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Sulfur dichloride Sulfuryl chloride Thionyl chloride |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Disulfur dichloride is the chemical compound of sulfur and chlorine with the formula S2Cl2.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Disulfur dichloride is sensitive to moist air, due to reaction with water:
- 2 S2Cl2 + 2 H2O → SO2 + 4 HCl + 3/8 S8
Physical
Pure disulfur dichloride is a yellow liquid, with a pungent irritating odor, that fumes in air. It reacts with water and alcohols.
Availability
Disulfur dichloride can be purchased from chemical supplier, however due to its hazardous nature, it cannot be normally bought by individuals.
Disulfur dichloride is listed in Schedule 3 Part B - Precursor Chemicals of the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) and its production, sale or consumption may be subject to control by the OPCW (Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons) over a certain quantity.
Preparation
Disulfur dichloride can be prepared by bubbling dry chlorine through molten sulfur. Direct chlorination of powdered sulfur also works with lower efficiency. In either case distillation is required for purification.
Projects
- Tetrasulfur tetranitride synthesis
- Make sulfur dichloride
Handling
Safety
Disulfur dichloride is highly corrosive and toxic. It will react with water to release HCl and sulfur dioxide.
Storage
Disulfur dichloride should be ampouled or stored in sealed bottles in a special cabinet. Ground glass is inappropriate as escaping vapour reacts with atmospheric air, depositing solid sulfur in the glass joints, fusing them together.
Disposal
Disulfur dichloride can be neutralized by mixing it with a basic solution. Slaked lime is a very good and cheap neutralizing agent. Since there will be lots of splashing, do this outside or under a fumehood.
