apprentice001
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PVC blends
Long time lurker 1st time poster 
I have a screw type extruder machine and I am wondering what type of cheap phthalates I can mix with PVC to make it soft and elastic. I am currently
using DOP (Dioctyl Phthalate) as my primary plasticiser but getting it is very costly with crude skyrocketing.
Are there any other similar oils with the same properties as DOP.
I was thinking of using recycled engine oil 
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solo
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Environmental and Health Assesment of Alternatives to Phthalates ...
Frank Stuer-Lauridsen, Sonja Mikkelsen, Svend Havelund,
Morten Birkved and Lisbet P. Hansen
COWI Consulting Engineers and Planners AS
Excerp
Table 4.1
The plasticiser substitutes and suggestions for example substances in the
groups of plasticisers. Other possible substitutes are shown in italics.
Group of
plasticiser Name of substance CAS No.
Diethylhexyl adipate 103-23-1
Diisodecyl adipate 27178-16-1
Adipate
Diisooctyl adipate 1330-86-5
Citrate O-acetyltributyl citrate 77-90-7
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate 298-07-7Phosphate
Tri(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate 78-42-2
Mellitate Tri-2-ethylhexyl trimellitate 3319-31-1
Alkylsulphonic
acid esters o-Toluene sulfonamide
Toluene ethylsulfonamide
88-19-7
8047-99-2
Butane esters 2,2,4-trimetyl-1,3-pentanediole di-
isobutyate (TXIB) 6846-50-0
Polyester No suggestion from industry -
Epoxyester and
epoxydised oils No suggestion from industry -
Dipropylene glycol dibenzoate 27138-31-4
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate 120-55-8
Benzoate
Triethylene glycol dibenzoate 120-56-9
Dioctyl sebacate 122-62-3Sebacate
Dibutyl sebacate 109-43-3
[Edited on 18-6-2008 by solo]
Attachment: Environmental and Health Assesment of Alternatives to Phthalates and to flexible PVC.pdf (802kB)
This file has been downloaded 974 times
It's better to die on your feet, than live on your knees....Emiliano Zapata.
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apprentice001
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Does azodicarbonamide help in anyway to soften and help pvc elasticity? Azodicarbonamide is supposed to be like yeast, helping the polymers to expand?
Thus making it more elastic and soft?
Im trying to make it feel like natural rubber.
[Edited on 19-6-2008 by apprentice001]
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jokull
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Hi!
It would be helpful if you tell us what kind of PVC do you have. Is it a virgin resin or is a formulation? Is it powdered or pelletized?
I think that you want something like a PVC elastomer...but the most important: what application is your desired product intended for?
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unionised
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AZCD decomposes to produce nitrogen in a similar way to yeast producing CO2. I don't think it softens the plastic.
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jokull
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Hi again!
I got hooked by your question and remembered my time at university...whatever... I searched my archives for this QUITE USEFUL handbook (maybe it's on
gigapedia), so enjoy it:
http://www.mediafire.com/?5czxxcl2l31
Handbook of Plasticizers
George Wypych
ChemTec Publishing 2004
Especially read from page 328 and on.
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apprentice001
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Thank you all for the helpful responses!
I am in the footwear business and I have been experimenting with blends for 6 months now. I am trying to make a flipflop using PVC and making it
look/feel like natural rubber.
I use primarily PVC pellets already compounded with DOP(65%)+stabilizers+AZCD from the manufacturer. However, I will sometimes use crushed PVC bits
mixed with virgin pellets to save cost and try to "recycle" it back into the process.
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apprentice001
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Jokull that handbook is very helpful but I must admit I probably understood .00001% of what was explained. What cought my attention though is their
blends which is very very similar to how I blend/mix my PVC pellets in my 500kg slow mixer. The second blend is closest to my blended formula minus
the TiO2(dont know what this is).
1) Compatibilized blend of polymers of high thermal stability:
PVC 100 parts
DOP 80
BaZn heat stabilizer 5.91
Epoxidized soybean oil 9.84
Stearic acid 0.39
Zinc stearate 0.39
Antioxidant 0.28
Chlorinated polyethylene 55.96
Ethylene 1-octene copolymer 28.12
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2) Foam layer of PVC coated fabric:
PVC 100 parts
Plasticizer 75
Epoxidized soybean oil 5
Azodicarbonamide 2
Zinc oxide 0.8
Barium-zinc stabilizer 1.5
TiO2 3
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jokull
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TiO2 (titanium dioxide) is a general purpose white pigment. It is commonly used for diminishing the yellowish or greyish color of polymer resins. It
also acts as a filler since it is a powder.
It is a very cheap and widely available material. There are different grades according to the industrial application, i.e. paper, paint, cosmetic,
food, etc.
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Ozone
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Also, see Gil and Saska who, IIRC, published A nice bit on plasticizing PVC with tributylaconitate. Mixed results, but other esters might be more
promising (maybe tribenzyl).
I suspect that any "citrate" esters that are not made using acyl chlorides will in fact, be the aconitate. At high temperature with acid catalysis,
the central hydroxyl readily leaves (E1, dehydration) and restabilizes as the double bond to yield cis and trans aconitate.
I am out of town, so I'll have to wait until I get home to find the paper.
Cheers,
O3
Ah yes, this will get you there:
http://www.lsuagcenter.com/en/our_offices/departments/Audubo...
[Edited on 20-6-2008 by Ozone]
-Anyone who never made a mistake never tried anything new.
--Albert Einstein
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