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niobium
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2,5-dimethoxyphenyl-2-nitropropene synthesis - 89.3% yield
Hello boys and girls,
Picking up on Stoicheomtric Steve's tradition of posting extra good procedures for interesting compounds swin would like to report the following -
95ml IPA was placed in a 250ml open beaker, placed on the the hotplate/stirrer, and stirring commenced. 20g of 2,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde was weighed
and placed in the beaker, followed by the addition of 2.16g of EDDA (0.1eq). The stirred mixture was heated slightly until complete dissolution, and
then 11.7g of nitroethane (1.3 eq) was added. Heating was turned on and stirring continued. The temp rose to 60-65degC, and the solution was left to
stir for 1.5 hours. During which time the volume decreased by 20ml or so.
The beaker was then stoppered, and placed aside for crystalization to occur. After 4 days the solution (which was a thick slurry of xtals) was
filtered, filter cake and the beaker washed with cold IPA. The xtals were placed back in the open beaker, 50ml methanol was added, and the mixture was
heated on a water bath. Then beaker was stoppered again, and left to cool down. once cool, it was transfered to the fridge for complete crystal
formation. After 12 hours the mixture (again looking like a semi solid xtal cake) was filtered, washed with cold methanol, and allowed to dry.
24g of clean 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl-2-nitropropene were collected in total, accounting for 89.3% yield calculated from the benzaldehyde.
As far as swin knows, this is the best reported synthesis of this compound, with reported yeilds varying from 50-70%. The ease of this procedure,
combined with the high yield makes swin think this is the optimal catalyst and reaction conditions for this compound.
[Edited on 25-1-2006 by niobium]
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CherrieBaby
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EDDA?
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stoichiometric_steve
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| Quote: | Originally posted by CherrieBaby
EDDA? |
pff...Ethylene Diammonium Di Acetate
excellent work, Mr. N.
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zooligan
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| Quote: | | Originally posted by niobiumThe ease of this procedure, combined with the high yield makes swin think this is the optimal catalyst and
reaction conditions for this compound. |
Any idea if this would work equally as well when reacting with nitromethane instead of nitroethane?
-z
[Edited on 26-1-2006 by zooligan]
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enima
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Yea, it works better >95% yields
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niobium
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with to make 2,5-dmns it works exceptionally well, requiring usually less then 36 hours for full xtalization and with a yield like enima stated of
>95%
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DNA
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100% yield
Just found this topic and wanted to report that *I* got an excellent 100% yield on the 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl-2-nitropropene.
2g of 2,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde was dissolved in 10mL glacial acetic acid, after dissolving it 1,3mL nitroethane was added and after swirling 4mL of
cyclohexylamine was added.
The mixture was heated at ~80*C for 3 hours. Then it was left to cool down, DCM was added and the nitropropene extracted. The DCM was washed with
water once, after evaporation of the DCM there was left a yellow-orange oil, which overnight crystalized into dark yellow crystals which weighed 2,61g
(116% yield).
Then this was recrystalized from boiling methanol (17mL), this crystalized overnight yielding fluffy bright yellow crystals. Which after drying
yielded 2,30g (100% yield)!
[Edited on 17-10-2008 by DNA]
[Edited on 17-10-2008 by DNA]
<sub>Edit by Nicodem: How many times do I have to say that "swiming" is not allowed? This is the last warning before I start removing the whole
posts instead of just editing.</sub> 
[Edited on 20/10/2008 by Nicodem]
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Dextrose
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Nice yield, but i have seen/heards reports of people getting 85-90+% in this condenzation using methylamine acetate with a 75 minutes reflux on water
batch - finished in less than 3 hours.
I don't mean to burst your bobble. 
[Edited on 20-10-2008 by Dextrose]
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stoichiometric_steve
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Dextrose, i wouldn't be too sure of that. Methylammonium Acetate is a beautiful catalyst for the Henry reaction if unactivated aromatic Aldehydes are
employed. At least with Nitromethane, activated Aldehydes give mostly polymerized product unless great care is taken.
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chemrox
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If you don't have EDDA on hand is there another agent (base I'm thinking) that would facilitate this? Cyclohexylamine?
BTW: the use of "swim" is discouraged here but thanks for the writeup-outstanding!
[Edited on 20-10-2008 by chemrox]
"When you let the dumbasses vote you end up with populism followed by autocracy and getting back is a bitch." Plato (sort of)
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Nicodem
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| Quote: | Originally posted by starman
How about EDTA?Is there a difference between "tert acetic acid" and "tert acetate"? |
The acronym EDTA generally stands for ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid which is not a primary or secondary amine and as such irrelevant to this thread topic. I have no idea what do you
mean with "tert acetic acid" and "tert acetate" though.
…there is a human touch of the cultist “believer” in every theorist that he must struggle against as being
unworthy of the scientist. Some of the greatest men of science have publicly repudiated a theory which earlier they hotly defended. In this lies their
scientific temper, not in the scientific defense of the theory. - Weston La Barre (Ghost Dance, 1972)
Read the The ScienceMadness Guidelines!
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jarynth
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| Quote: | Originally posted by starman
How about EDTA?Is there a difference between "tert acetic acid" and "tert acetate"? |
The latter is the salt of the former. E.g. "EDTA sodium" is the sodium salt of EDTA (acid).
EDIT
Sorry steve, I didn't read the whole thread and wanted to complete Nicodem's answer. EDDA is related to EDTA as both have =N-CH2-CH2-N= in them
("ED"). Basically EDDA is the (ionic) salt of ethylenediamine with acetic acid, while EDTA is ethylenediamine where each aminic hydrogen is
substituted with acetic acid.
2,5-Dimethoxynitrostyrene with EDDA
[Edited on 20-10-2008 by jarynth]
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stoichiometric_steve
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starman, jarynth, CUT THAT SHIT OUT PLEASE - it would be kind if you deleted your posts as they contribute absolutely nothing to this topic
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DNA
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Concerning the 2,5-dimethoxynitropropene apparantly the reduction of it with BF3.Et2O and NaBH4 (à la varma and kabalka), gives crude product 90%
yield so it is stated in a still to be published article.
[Edited on 21-10-2008 by DNA]
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Barium
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| Quote: | | Originally posted by stoichiometric_steve .....activated Aldehydes give mostly polymerized product unless great care is taken.
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In my experience, just switch from alcohol or nitroalkane solvent to acetic acid in order to avoid polymerisation.
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stoichiometric_steve
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Anybody ever tried out other conditions than what is laid out in PIHKAL (Ariadne) for the condensation of 2,5-DMBA with 1-Nitropropane? NH4OAc ain't
my favourite...
edit: This is about the reactivity of 1-Nitropropane, not the manufacture of drugs.
[Edited on 22-10-2008 by stoichiometric_steve]
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Nicodem
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Warning!
I don't want to hear discussions about increasing the yield of anything by a couple of %. This is closely related to economy and has little to do with
science. By discussing about such things you put a shadow on your intents and make it look like it is not about amateur science. This chemistry might
not be about illegal drugs, but it is nevertheless about intermediates toward psychoactive drugs. Even though most of them are legal in the majority
of world legislations, it is nevertheless inappropriate to discuss about them in the same context as a meth cook would. Either you discuss about new
routes to old targets or any such scientific thing, or just move the yield maximization issue to a more appropriate forum. I find this thread
acceptable but on the verge of acceptability. Once you cross this verge I will close this thread.
(If you have any objections with this warning use the U2U rather than the post reply button)
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stoichiometric_steve
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| Quote: | Originally posted by Nicodem
(If you have any objections with this warning use the U2U rather than the post reply button) |
Sorry, this should be read by everyone.
I beg to differ that this is about economy. This is more about ecology - less unreacted precursor, less waste...
What i am working on is easy/high-yielding/environmentally benign synthetic techniques.
I don't think this thread is anywhere near the standards of other forums where "meth cooks" meet.
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Dextrose
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| Quote: | Originally posted by stoichiometric_steve
Dextrose, i wouldn't be too sure of that. Methylammonium Acetate is a beautiful catalyst for the Henry reaction if unactivated aromatic Aldehydes are
employed. At least with Nitromethane, activated Aldehydes give mostly polymerized product unless great care is taken. |
So true, so true...
I have a long time ago "burned off" too much of the aldehyde, in just 15 minutes... Beware of the amount of the catalyst !!!
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Isomeric_Fred
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I spoke to niobium, who said that EDDA is ethylenediamine diacetic acid salt.
Dextrose, i highly doubt a 75minutes reflux will yield well, niobium says it does not work well, and produces a red product, which once cleaned does
give the yellowish 2,5-dmp2np but at lowered yields.
the Me.Am.Ac cat is good for other stuff, but less good for this one. Perhaps a shorter reflux period can yield well, or no reflux at all.
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starman
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| Quote: | Originally posted by Isomeric_Fred
I spoke to niobium, who said that EDDA is ethylenediamine diacetic acid salt. |
Yeah,thats what I thought,had seen these acronyms EDTA EDDA DPTA etc used in chelation complexes.
So I guess my post which I deleted as per request with all due chagrin wasn't so dumb after all huh?
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Nicodem
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Please stop with this nonsense. "EDDA" in this case stands for ethylenediamine diaacetate (H2NCH2CH2NH2 * 2AcOH), a well known catalyst for these
condensations. It is not one of the ethylenediamine acetic acids used for cation chelation (which would have no function in this reaction anyway).
By not using acronyms all this confusion would be have been avoided. I repeated it several times to define all the acronyms used, but nobody listens.
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Isomeric_Fred
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| Quote: | Originally posted by Nicodem
Please stop with this nonsense. "EDDA" in this case stands for ethylenediamine diaacetate (H2NCH2CH2NH2 * 2AcOH), a well known catalyst for these
condensations. It is not one of the ethylenediamine acetic acids used for cation chelation (which would have no function in this reaction anyway).
By not using acronyms all this confusion would be have been avoided. I repeated it several times to define all the acronyms used, but nobody listens.
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As far as I know, ethylenediamine diacetic acid *SALT* = ethyelendiamine diacetate. In any way, the correct compound here, is, as Nicodem pointed out,
Ethylenediamine diacetate, CAS# 38734-69-9, NH2CH2CH2NH2 · 2CH3COOH.
hope this helps...
On another note, Nicodem, I think yield optimization is quite a worthy topic. Is it because this compound *MAY* lead to illegal compounds that this
kind of talk is frowned upon?
Kind of dissapointing to see legitimate chemical discussion gets frowned upon here.
I agree if this was talking about how to make Heroin (or any other illegal drug) and its yield optimization it might be inappropriate, but for this, I
find it hard to understand
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starman
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| Quote: | Originally posted by Nicodem
Please stop with this nonsense. "EDDA" in this case stands for ethylenediamine diaacetate (H2NCH2CH2NH2 * 2AcOH), a well known catalyst for these
condensations. It is not one of the ethylenediamine acetic acids used for cation chelation (which would have no function in this reaction anyway).
By not using acronyms all this confusion would be have been avoided. I repeated it several times to define all the acronyms used, but nobody listens.
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Apologies Nicodem,having looked further it is a pretty silly assumption.Will pay more attention to seven star generals in future
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jon
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what's polymerizing? the aldehyde or the iminium intermediate? or, the nitro styrene?
if the former then it would make sense that a more nucleophilic amine like a primary amine and an acid catalyst like acetic acid would favor the
formation of the imine hence better yeild, any input here on this? i know the positive side (the backside) of aldehydes and ketones in the prescence
of bases tend to polymerize, when heated. Is this what your suggesting is taking place?
also what causes the resulting nitro styrene propene to polymerize? i know if it sits to long it does this, are there any conditions that favor this?
maybe staring at it the wrong way, for example?
[Edited on 1-11-2008 by jon]
quote:
have a long time ago "burned off" too much of the aldehyde, in just 15 minutes... Beware of the amount of the catalyst
unquote:
so it's acid base chemistry and heat huh?
is the nitro whatever polymerizing, or the aldehyde?
i know certain reductions of the nitro (whatever) go well in acidic solution so it may be the base, and heat, and long rxn time polymerizing the
product nitro styrene.
occams razor.
[Edited on 1-11-2008 by jon]
[Edited on 1-11-2008 by jon]
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