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my nootloss
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spectroscope
Hey guys, I think it would be helpful for us to find a way to make a spectroscope, so we could find out what stuff is in the chemicals we buy
(example, in drain cleaner, we could boil all the h2so4 and h2o off and use the spectroscope to find out what left in it…)
I was thinking of using a blank CD as the prism?
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Sandmeyer
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hehe, you must be kidding, right?
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12AX7
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I've always wanted to make a mass spectrometer, but ya know, I haven't the slightest idea how the hell you ionize a solid substance. Shoot
a thick e-beam at it and sputter??
Tim
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neutrino
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I think he meant to put things in a flame and watch spectral lines. Clever, although somewhat out of the scope of amateur science.
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12AX7
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Howso? A prism and scale (or better yet, color photographic film) aren't very diffcult at all.
Tim
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my nootloss
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Yeah that’s the amazing thing about it, it’s very EZ and a very good thing to have in the lab, the reason I say this is just think about all the
crappie chemicals we are some times forced in to using i.e. sulfuric acid. The drain cleaner I got had some very weird things in it, so what I could
do is boil it don’t and use the spectroscope to find out what I have left (sorry I used the same example 2 times, I forgot.) I am sure any one of
you guys has some chemical in your lab that you would love to find out what is in it. I really don’t know a whole lot about spectroscopes, I have
looked some up “spectroscope” in my books (old books, most use a prisms or so it says in the book. So I guess that would be fine).
Neutrino- I don’t really so how this is out of the range of any person who is unwavering in there quest for chemical understanding. Thank you by the
way; in my book “Clever” is one of the most highly recognized words.
12AX7- please accept my apogee for my lack of knowledge, but what is a “color photographic film” and how accurate and how many times can you use
one/it? All so how would we get are hands on these?
To all - I am really open to any and all suggestions on how to make one of these great things
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12AX7
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You could use B&W film too, but it'd be more interesting with color. 
Just a strip of photographic film covering the viewing screen, you project the spectral lines on it exposing those areas, which are then developed at
the 1 hour photo into visible color. Well, if they do large strips.
Tim
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my nootloss
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i work at one so i will ask
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chromium
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I once made simple CD spectroscope. It is very easy - just piece of CD disk and some lightproof box with two holes. I did this just for fun so i did
not bother do draw scale. I used gas flame and sometimes voltaic arc as light source. Some spectral lines are clearly visible but there is still lot
problems to solve.
There is lot of chemical elements everywhere and its not at all easy to guess which combinations can make that particular pattern. Especially if you
have no proper scale. Another problem is that some common chemical elements have no intense spectral lines in visible region. For proper determination
of those one needs infrared or UV spectroscopy.
I probably will continue with these experiments as its indeed usefull to have spectroscope.
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12AX7
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Dunno about IR (maybe one of those IR test cards from RadioShack, for testing your remote?), but UV you could add a fluorescent screen to the scale.
The only problem with diffraction gratings is the same wavelength is reflected at a number of angles, so it repeats every number of degrees. At least
as I recall. So you see red orange yellow green cyan blue purple red orange...
Sodium in a gas flame would certainly give you a bright reference. I'd like to see someone clearly photograph the doublet bands on their
homemade apparatus.
Tim
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jimwig
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go to journal of chemical education site
do title search on spectroscope
there are several for the building in the lab - if memory serves
also more amateur constructed scope are to be found in the amateur scientist column in scientific american
there is an online index for that also
google at close range
jim wiggins
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chromium
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Journal of chem education is quite usefull reading. I did not know it before. Thanks jim!
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Twospoons
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If you remove the IR filter in the lens then most webcams will detect infra-red down to 1000nm. So thats one way to view at least part of the IR
spectrum.
The image intensifiers in night vision scopes also work well into the IR, though I'm not sure how far the response extends.
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Archimede
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You can take a screenshot from a webcam and save the picture in a standard size, bmp 16 colors. With a visual basic program it shouldnt be too hard to
find out how much % of each of the basic colors you have in the pictures.
If looking at a printed picture someone is able to determine what element that is, I am sure that it can be done with a simple program on a pc.
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unionised
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The typical sensors in webcams only work in the near IR about 900nm. The spectra that get used for identification by IR cover the region around 10000
nm.
Measuring UV might be easier but most condensed phase UV spectra are pretty dull, a splodge at the high energy end.
"If looking at a printed picture someone is able to determine what element that is, I am sure that it can be done with a simple program on a
pc."
Interesting idea, picture recognition, like voice recognition, is actually quite difficult for a computer. If you find a simple program to do it I
sugest that you sell it to the millitary for lots of $$$. The odd thing is that people are very good at it.
Anyway, there are spectrum matching programs available, the tricky bit is getting the data into the PC.
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Twospoons
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The pyroelectric sensors used in motion detectors cover the 5-14um IR range. I guess some kind of scanning aperture would be needed to pick out
individual IR lines.
That still leaves a hole from 1um to 5um - maybe the old military image intensifiers could be used ? I've got one that uses IR down to 3um IIRC.
[Edited on 4-7-2005 by Twospoons]
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unionised
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Or you could cover a coil of fine wire with soot from a candle flame.
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jimwig
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would you be so kind as to elaborate
aka duh!!!
on the soot idea.
thanks
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unionised
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I seem to be talking bolometers.
that should be enough for you to google.
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Oxydro
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Um... I have to make a quick guess about what such a thing is, before googling. Is it a coil of light-absorbing wire that changes resistance with
temperature, therefore acting as a primitive light meter? I will edit to say, I was wrong, when I find what it is.
edit: crazy - I guess I was somewhat right. However, they are not primative at all - cept in the variety we might make, of course - some are used in
submillimeter astronomy and involve cooling to millikelvins.
edit2: to add a question, what kind of light sensor is used in a IR spectroscope unit?
[Edited on 10-7-2005 by Oxydro]
[Edited on 10-7-2005 by Oxydro]
"Our interest's on the dangerous side of things" -- Browning
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unionised
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This might help
http://hiq.linde-gas.com/international/web/lg/spg/likelgspg....
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Archimede
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Voice recognition is quite a bit more complicated than reading a bitmap and count how many pixels of each color you have. And we are not talking about
a complex image. Just a 16 or 256 colors bitmap with a 'rainbow' in it.
[Edited on 17-7-2005 by Archimede]
[Edited on 17-7-2005 by Archimede]
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Lambda
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LED's as a light sorce for a Spectrophotometer
Posted on 12-7-2005 by Lambda:
"The narrow bandwidth of LED's"
https://sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=4114&...
Addition:
In the UV-spectrum quarz cuvets will be required due to the high absorbtion of normall glass.
In the visible spectrum glass cuvets may be used.
In the IR-spectrum kitchen salt (NaCl) works out just fine. You will have to press the mixed sample into tablets, or.....good luck !
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kyanite
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Oh, I am so confused.
From what I understand from this thread, we can/want to(?) create a primitive IR spectrophotometer, which could be made up of:
an IR detector(bolometer or what not)
a prism/diffraction grating (a cd/dvd)
a sample holder made of NaCl for the plates
and some monochromatic IR LEDs for the light?
What confuses me is why use a picture and software to determine the number of colours. Aren't we after the IR portion of the spectrum spread? How
do you take a rgb picture of that?
Anyways,
My org-chem textbook's IR spectrum graphs go from 2.5 to 15 microns. I suppose thats the range we could be aiming for. Is there any other info to
verify this?
and also pyroelectric detectors(from IR motion detectors) only have such a narrow range of detection because of a filter window. Maybe if we could
remove the window or replace it, we could use it for all the other wavelengths?
Info taken from here
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12AX7
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AFAIK, you don't have to (and can't! )worry about "color"
(i.e., wavelength expressed as an appearance, which loses meaning outside of the narrow visible spectrum of course!), so you use the spectrometer
which alters wavelength to position on a scale. Then you just read off position of the intensity bands. So yeah, you'd probably get IR and UV
as a monochrome scale photograph, unless you want to use a more sophisticated spectrum such as intensity varying color (heat-sensitive video and radar
images for instance use this), or try to transpose visual colors down a few orders of magnitude - of course, this needs a camera that senses IR bands
individually.
Tim
[Edited on 7-17-2005 by 12AX7]
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