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a nitrogen rich explosive
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Sonoluminescence? Please explain - I have never come across that before.
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Dornier 335A
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Wikipedia does give a higher value for N2O4 and nitrobenzene. The article does contain errors though, so it's maybe not the most reliable source. My program replicates their VoD for the similar mixture
TNM/nitrobenzene and N2O4/nitrobenzene is a lot less dense so I think my valule is closer to the reality.
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XeonTheMGPony
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If you use a pair of matched ultrasonic transducer at 180 degrees of each other and fire them with a liquid in the center, it creates a plasma bubble
that emits lights as it rapidly expands and implodes due to irredecent temps built up in the core of the bubble.
I do not recall the frequency needed, they used it as a FX trick in the movie (Chain Reaction)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonoluminescence
So I'd have to say odds are very good it would trigger a liquid HE
[Edited on 1-5-2016 by XeonTheMGPony]
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mayko
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Quote: Originally posted by XeonTheMGPony  |
If you use a pair of matched ultrasonic transducer at 180 degrees of each other and fire them with a liquid in the center, it creates a plasma bubble
that emits lights as it rapidly expands and implodes due to irredecent temps built up in the core of the bubble.
I do not recall the frequency needed, they used it as a FX trick in the movie (Chain Reaction)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonoluminescence
So I'd have to say odds are very good it would trigger a liquid HE
[Edited on 1-5-2016 by XeonTheMGPony] |
I (and StackExchange) am under the impression that cavitation (the process which causes sonoluminescence) is the mechanism responsible for the shock
sensitivity of nitroglycerine.
There is also a species of shrimp which uses cavitation as a weapon to stun its prey:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s-puNYSVCCc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XC6I8iPiHT8
al-khemie is not a terrorist organization
"Chemicals, chemicals... I need chemicals!" - George Hayduke
"Wubbalubba dub-dub!" - Rick Sanchez
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a nitrogen rich explosive
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And also MEKP? So the bubble expands until the heat is too great, at which point it collapses in on itself to create a shockwave. That's very
interesting.
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XeonTheMGPony
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it is the implosion that creates the heat.
it is very similar to cavitation.
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PHILOU Zrealone
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Assuming the very big T° and pressure in a cavitation bubble under quasi adiabatic conditions, I would say that any liquid (with a high to medium
volatility) explosive should detonate.
Sonication also makes the media heat up.
PH Z (PHILOU Zrealone)
"Physic is all what never works; Chemistry is all what stinks and explodes!"-"Life that deadly disease, sexually transmitted."(W.Allen)
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a nitrogen rich explosive
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Sonication?
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PHILOU Zrealone
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S-O-Ni(3+) --> SONi-cation
No kidding.
Sonication from the verb to sonicate...to submit something to the action of sound...here ultrasounds...
Do me and us a favor, do first a Google search on sonochemistry, ultrasounds and Titanium horn...eventually search into the forum before asking such
questions.
[Edited on 1-5-2016 by PHILOU Zrealone]
PH Z (PHILOU Zrealone)
"Physic is all what never works; Chemistry is all what stinks and explodes!"-"Life that deadly disease, sexually transmitted."(W.Allen)
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specialactivitieSK
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It would be possible to produce organic perchlorates from Pentaerythritol and Erythritol through hydrochloride + NaClO4 and should be of practical use ?
[Edited on 13-5-2016 by specialactivitieSK]
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Microtek
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If you are thinking of perchlorate esters, they are very powerful and incredibly sensitive, at least for high substituent to substrate ratios. Not
even remotely practical, and you would probably lose important bodily appendages in the process of making these compounds.
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ecos
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| Quote: Originally posted by Microtek | | If you are thinking of perchlorate esters, they are very powerful and incredibly sensitive, at least for high substituent to substrate ratios. Not
even remotely practical, and you would probably lose important bodily appendages in the process of making these compounds. |
would you please give examples of perchlorate esters?
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PHILOU Zrealone
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| Quote: Originally posted by specialactivitieSK | It would be possible to produce organic perchlorates from Pentaerythritol and Erythritol through hydrochloride + NaClO4 and should be of practical use ?
[Edited on 13-5-2016 by specialactivitieSK] |
I know an european guy who attempted propantriol triperchlorate ester and pentaerythritol tetraperchlorate ester at one of his French friend's
house...despite my warning he did it and it resulted in a devastative indoor explosion (apparently involving a visite of the police, confiscation of
material and financial penalty)...I don't know if he (or someone else) was hurt (or worst)...and I didn't got the whole story because he was
apparently so ashamed and not proud of it to tell the full story.
He did his experiment following a successful but riskful procedure involving the making of Cl2O7 and 100% HClO4 to esterifiate glycol (1,2-ethandiol)
and glycerol (1,2,3-propantriol).
Examples of perchloric esters are methyl, ethyl and trichloromethyl perchlorates. All 3 have bad reputation.
One of the famous members of this forum did some with extreme caution and cold distillation/condensation (do a search).
Sensitivity (towards heat, shock or friction) of perchloric esters is much higher than that of parent nitric esters.
Main reason must be the following equation that holds true for hypochlorous esters and responsible for their explosive unstability...
CH3-O-Cl(l) --> CH2=O(g) + HCl(g) + heat
(CH3)2CH-O-Cl(l) --> (CH3)2C=O(l) + HCl(g) + heat
by analogy
CH3-O-ClO3 (l) --> CH2=O (g) + HO-ClO2 (l) + heat
2 HO-ClO2 (l) --> H2O (l) + 1/2O2(g) + 2 ClO2(g)
Note that ClO2 is an explosive when brought into contact with organic materials and formaldehyde is extermely oxydable
--> spontaneous heating and deflagro-detonation --> CO2 + Cl2 + H2O
Isopropyl perchlorate should behave the same!
--> Any primary or secondary alcohols will behave like that upon the slightest stimulus.
Erythritol or pentaerythritol tetraperchlorates would be very bad news because holding only primary and secondary alcoholic functions just like
methanol, ethanol, glycol, propantriol whose perchloric esters are hyper sensitive...
Now as a light through the dark (?) tertiary alcohols do form stable hypochlorous esters...
Typical example is terbutyl hypochlorite used in some organic chemical reactions and available as a reactant via common chemical product resellers.
--> (CH3)3C-O-Cl exist and is stable
Then by analogy:
--> Maybe (CH3)C-O-ClO3 (tertbutyl perchlorate) might be of value and display some practical use (stability).
If this holds the preparation test phase it should remain relatively stable because
(CH3)3C-O-ClO3 <---> (CH3)3C(+) + ClO4(-)
(CH3)3C-O-ClO3 <---> (CH3)2C=CH2 + HClO4
This last step is stil critical because 100% HClO4 in contact with organic matter is prompt for heating, fire, deflagration and detonation...
If t-butyl ester is proven to be stable enough, then:
Even better would be to test bicyclo(2,2,2)octane-1,4-diol diperchlorate... because it should be denser and with a better OB
O3Cl-O-C(-CH2-CH2-)3C-O-ClO3
Then taking the adamantane structure, it can hold 4 tertiary alcohol positions --> adamantane tetrol tetraperchlorate with the 4 alcohol positions
as far of each other as possible to avoid stress of the external perchlorate groups.
Cubane might also be interesting assuming that all summits could hold a ternary alcohol
--> cubane octa-ol octaperchlorate
C8(-O-ClO3)8
But this might be a little too pushed because octanitrocubane has already a hard time to get all its -NO2 unstressed and -O-ClO3 will be much larger
group...
--> So more realistic but stil very powerfully potent HE, with 4 tops of the cubane holding 4 alcohol functions as far as possible of each other
--> cubane tetrol tetraperchlorate C8H4(O-ClO3)4 (C8H4Cl4O16)
--> Perfect OB --> 8 CO2(g) + 4 HCl(g)
The idea to use 1,1,2,2-tetramethyl-ethan-1,2-diol (tetramethyl-glycol obtainable via reduction of propanone (aceton)--> pinacole) to make a
diperchloric ester will be risky since it tends to rearrange into pinacolone in acidic media...so this viccinal tertiary alcohol might be a source of
troubles in the case of perchloric esters...
[Edited on 13-5-2016 by PHILOU Zrealone]
PH Z (PHILOU Zrealone)
"Physic is all what never works; Chemistry is all what stinks and explodes!"-"Life that deadly disease, sexually transmitted."(W.Allen)
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Eosin Y
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Ethyl perchlorate was responsible for the famous 'spoon shot' wasn't it?
My problem with organic perchlorates is that something like methyl perchlorate would easily score 4-4-4 for H&S (toxicity ~phosgene, highly
explosive, highly reactive.) Also, when distilling HClO4 to anyhdrous, does it all turn to Cl2O7 or does only some of that form?
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