Rynoaus
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Cellulose extraction
Hi can anyone suggest a way to extract cellulose from wood at home. For eg one patent basically starts with an acid treatment of the feed stock then
progressive alkaline washings to remove lignins with a boiling step and also bleaching step. I really just need crude cellulose it doesn't need to be
white. So if I was to keep doing alkaline extractions I should end up with the product I need or not. Maybe soak in Sodium hydroxide solution allow to
"leach" then filter, wash with h2o filter and repeat? Is the boiling step very important to help break the wood and if you didn't boil it would it
just take longer to break down the wood. Just looking for a very simple process I've been trying variations of the above without much success. Am I on
the wrong track? Cheers
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mayko
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Have you looked into Schweizer's reagent? (I'd be a little concerned about lignin interfering with the extraction, but Wikipedia claims that it's
effective on wood pulp)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schweizer's_reagent
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Artemus Gordon
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I'm curious why you want to use wood as a source. Paper is the most common cellulose source put into Schweizer's reagent. I would think that wood
would have to be ground up fairly fine. If you are a woodworker and you already have piles of sawdust, that would make sense, but otherwise, I suspect
you are going to be disappointed in your yield.
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Metacelsus
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Industrially, the Kraft process is used to get cellulose from wood: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraft_process#The_process
You might be able to do a similar method on a smaller scale.
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Rynoaus
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I'm looking for potential contaminants from one end of cellulose acetate production to the other. I'm trying to find out where any trace metals may be
and if they can be removed easily.So I'm trying to work up from forest to factory on a small scale to get some samples to test from each stage of
production. I have an idea it may not be right it's just an idea I had from reading a 2015 study on metals contained in trees and other plants
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Ozone
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You can also treat the wood, plant fiber, whatever (after reducing particle size, so start with small particles) with bleach (NaOCl). After thorough
washing, you'll have relatively pure cellulose. If you go to long, or too heavy with the bleach, you will lose yield. Start out dilute.
Also, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide will do it, too. Fractionally dilute to ppt the cellulose and keep the lignin/hemicellulose in solution.
Of course, high T (160 °C or so--melting point of the particular lignin type) in dilute H2SO4 in a stirred/rotating pressure reactor works, too. This
can be modified via addition of organic solvents, as well. see COSLIF.
O3
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Rynoaus
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Quote: Originally posted by Ozone  | You can also treat the wood, plant fiber, whatever (after reducing particle size, so start with small particles) with bleach (NaOCl). After thorough
washing, you'll have relatively pure cellulose. If you go to long, or too heavy with the bleach, you will lose yield. Start out dilute.
Also, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide will do it, too. Fractionally dilute to ppt the cellulose and keep the lignin/hemicellulose in solution.
Of course, high T (160 °C or so--melting point of the particular lignin type) in dilute H2SO4 in a stirred/rotating pressure reactor works, too. This
can be modified via addition of organic solvents, as well. see COSLIF.
Awesome thanks I'll start trying these I have ground the material fairly fine so I'll try your suggestions
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Joe Skulan
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Maybe not what you need, but "white rot" is caused by fungi that selectively consume lignin in wood, leaving more or less pure cellulose. It's easy to
find logs completely consumed by white rot in the woods.
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Camroc37
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| Quote: Originally posted by Rynoaus | | Hi can anyone suggest a way to extract cellulose from wood at home. For eg one patent basically starts with an acid treatment of the feed stock then
progressive alkaline washings to remove lignins with a boiling step and also bleaching step. I really just need crude cellulose it doesn't need to be
white. So if I was to keep doing alkaline extractions I should end up with the product I need or not. Maybe soak in Sodium hydroxide solution allow to
"leach" then filter, wash with h2o filter and repeat? Is the boiling step very important to help break the wood and if you didn't boil it would it
just take longer to break down the wood. Just looking for a very simple process I've been trying variations of the above without much success. Am I on
the wrong track? Cheers |
The only thing I know about extracting a cellulose compound: Nitrocellulose is soluble in an ether and alcohol mix. Hopefully this did something for
someone.
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mayko
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| Quote: Originally posted by Joe Skulan | | Maybe not what you need, but "white rot" is caused by fungi that selectively consume lignin in wood, leaving more or less pure cellulose. It's easy to
find logs completely consumed by white rot in the woods. |
In fact, the evolution of delignifying fungi has been suggested as an explanation for the end of the Carboniferous coal deposits:
| Quote: |
Wood is a major pool of organic carbon that is highly resistant to decay, owing largely to the presence of lignin. The only organisms capable of
substantial lignin decay are white rot fungi in the Agaricomycetes, which also contains non–lignin-degrading brown rot and ectomycorrhizal species.
Comparative analyses of 31 fungal genomes (12 generated for this study) suggest that lignin-degrading peroxidases expanded in the lineage leading to
the ancestor of the Agaricomycetes, which is reconstructed as a white rot species, and then contracted in parallel lineages leading to brown rot and
mycorrhizal species. Molecular clock analyses suggest that the origin of lignin degradation might have coincided with the sharp decrease in the rate
of organic carbon burial around the end of the Carboniferous period.
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Floudas, D., Binder, M., Riley, R., Barry, K., Blanchette, R. a, Henrissat, B., … Hibbett, D. S. (2012). The Paleozoic origin of enzymatic lignin
decomposition reconstructed from 31 fungal genomes. Science (New York, N.Y.), 336(6089), 1715–9. doi:10.1126/science.1221748
al-khemie is not a terrorist organization
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gatosgr
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Some people use deep eutectic solvent for extracting cellulose.
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Rynoaus
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Thanks all for your suggestions I'm deep in research I'd like to follow the industrial process approximately but I'll have to see how it goes. The
fungi information is quite interesting but not quite industrial and thanks for the link in solvents I'll have a read.
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Bean
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Use tetraaminecopper II hydroxide to extract it. Create it by reacting ammonia solution and copper hydroxide until a deep blue solution is formed.
Then add your cellulose sample and stir. Now pour the cellulose solution into a dilute solution of sulfuric or hydrochloric acid, this will
precipitate cellulose
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Bean
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Use tetraaminecopper II hydroxide to extract it. Create it by reacting ammonia solution and copper hydroxide until a deep blue solution is formed.
Then add your cellulose sample and stir. Now pour the cellulose solution into a dilute solution of sulfuric or hydrochloric acid, this will
precipitate cellulose
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