Sciencemadness Discussion Board

List of explosives more powerful than HMX

John paul III - 13-5-2018 at 09:36

I want to propose creating a thread, or making this thread,
for educational purposes, a list of explosives possesing VOD higher than HMX, with density data included. I think a lot of
our members would appreciate (including myself) such a
comprehensive list - even if it's just for expanding our knowledge.
If you want to contribute, please reply with your entries for
the list (unless someone feels compentent enough to create
a full list themselves)

I hope you guys don't find this too K3WL :)

sodium_stearate - 13-5-2018 at 09:54

And, what government agency is it that you are working for?

Rocinante - 13-5-2018 at 10:00

epsilon-HNIW (there is even a RS- ε-HNIW)
Hexanitrobenzene
TENGU
Dinitroazoxyfurazan (DNAF)
HHTDD (quite possibly not true)

John paul III - 13-5-2018 at 10:10

Quote: Originally posted by Rocinante  
epsilon-HNIW (there is even a RS- ε-HNIW)
Hexanitrobenzene
TENGU
Dinitroazoxyfurazan (DNAF)
HHTDD (quite possibly not true)


Thank you, I have never heard of TENGU before!

underground - 13-5-2018 at 12:08

Octanitrocubane
CL-20
Amino Nitroguanidine nitrate
Tetranitroglycoluril
Tetrazoles

Dornier 335A - 13-5-2018 at 12:15

5-Nitrotetrazole, 9450 m/s at 1.9 g/cc
5-Nitrotetrazole-2N-oxide and hydroxylamine salt, 9450 m/s at 1.7 g/cc and 9500 m/s at 1.64 g/cc
1,1'-azobis(tetrazole), 9200 m/s at 1.77 g/cc
Dinitrodiazenofuroxan (DDF), 10000 m/s at 2.0 g/cc
TKX-50, 9700 m/s at 1.88 g/cc
Ditetrazolylhexaazadiene, 9600 m/s at 1.8 g/cc
Dinitromethyltetrazole, 9600 m/s at 1.87 g/cc
Bis(2-(5-nitrotetrazol-2-yl)-2,2-dinitroethyl)nitroamine, 9330 m/s at 1.97 (I calculated much higher performance though!)
1,7-Diamino-1,7-dinitrimino-2,4,6-trinitro-2,4,6-triazaheptane, 9540 m/s at 1.91 g/cc
Ethyl perchlorate
3-Amino-1-nitroguanidinium nitrate, 9750 m/s at 1.91 g/cc
Bis(triaminoguanidinium) bis(2,2-dinitroethanide)nitroamine, 10000 m/s at 1.99 g/cc
Hydroxylammonium 5-nitriminotetrazolate, 9300 m/s at 1.79 g/cc
5,5’-azo-bis(1-oxidotetrazole), 9550 m/s at 1.9 g/cc
3-Nitramino-4-nitrofurazan, 9860 at 1.95 g/cc
Ammoium 3-nitramino-4-nitrofurazan, 9880 m/s at 1.82 g/cc
Hydroxylammonium 3-nitramino-4-nitrofurazan, 10010 m/s at 1.89 g/cc
3-Amino-3’-azido-4,4’-azoxyfurazan, 9400 m/s at 1.74 g/cc

Rocinante - 13-5-2018 at 12:25

ANQ data: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/921e/eca88286e0b691bdac1d00...
also, tetrazoles is too broad of a term

DubaiAmateurRocketry - 29-5-2018 at 23:18

Quote: Originally posted by Dornier 335A  
5-Nitrotetrazole, 9450 m/s at 1.9 g/cc
5-Nitrotetrazole-2N-oxide and hydroxylamine salt, 9450 m/s at 1.7 g/cc and 9500 m/s at 1.64 g/cc
1,1'-azobis(tetrazole), 9200 m/s at 1.77 g/cc
Dinitrodiazenofuroxan (DDF), 10000 m/s at 2.0 g/cc
TKX-50, 9700 m/s at 1.88 g/cc
Ditetrazolylhexaazadiene, 9600 m/s at 1.8 g/cc
Dinitromethyltetrazole, 9600 m/s at 1.87 g/cc
Bis(2-(5-nitrotetrazol-2-yl)-2,2-dinitroethyl)nitroamine, 9330 m/s at 1.97 (I calculated much higher performance though!)
1,7-Diamino-1,7-dinitrimino-2,4,6-trinitro-2,4,6-triazaheptane, 9540 m/s at 1.91 g/cc
Ethyl perchlorate
3-Amino-1-nitroguanidinium nitrate, 9750 m/s at 1.91 g/cc
Bis(triaminoguanidinium) bis(2,2-dinitroethanide)nitroamine, 10000 m/s at 1.99 g/cc
Hydroxylammonium 5-nitriminotetrazolate, 9300 m/s at 1.79 g/cc
5,5’-azo-bis(1-oxidotetrazole), 9550 m/s at 1.9 g/cc
3-Nitramino-4-nitrofurazan, 9860 at 1.95 g/cc
Ammoium 3-nitramino-4-nitrofurazan, 9880 m/s at 1.82 g/cc
Hydroxylammonium 3-nitramino-4-nitrofurazan, 10010 m/s at 1.89 g/cc
3-Amino-3’-azido-4,4’-azoxyfurazan, 9400 m/s at 1.74 g/cc


Glad to know you're still around, what are you working on recently.

Rocinante - 30-5-2018 at 01:42

The list by Dornier is faulty, for example there is 0 way that a 1.79 or 1.74 g/cc explosive is more powerful than HMX, moreover some of his numbers are just plain wrong.

DubaiAmateurRocketry - 30-5-2018 at 02:08

Quote: Originally posted by Rocinante  
The list by Dornier is faulty, for example there is 0 way that a 1.79 or 1.74 g/cc explosive is more powerful than HMX, moreover some of his numbers are just plain wrong.


"Hydroxylammonium 5-nitriminotetrazolate, 9300 m/s at 1.79 g/cc"

It is indeed somewhat true, although the density is actually even lower, at 1.78g/cc, but the VoD is also slightly lower, at 9240 m/s.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/zaac.201100...

and the source for 3-Amino-3’-azido-4,4’-azoxyfurazan, 9400 m/s at 1.74 g/cc can be found here.

http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-BGXB201301010.htm

It is rare that at those densities, an explosive can reach a VoD of over 9000m/s. The high volumetric gas produced, relatively perfect OB, and super high enthalpy of formation did the trick.

Rocinante - 30-5-2018 at 04:04

They all claim pressures ~ 350 - 370 kbar, hence not more powerful than HMX - I'm familiar with Klapötke's work. Yes, VOD can shoot up. And remember, Explo5 can crate 5 - 10 % errors.

Dornier 335A - 30-5-2018 at 13:29

Rocinante, please tell me which values you doubt and I will gladly provide you with a source (except for DTH, which is my own work).
I think you underestimate the importance of chemical composition since HMX lacks both the oxygen balance and enthalpy of formation that we see in new experimental explosives.
For example, pure hydrogen azide reaches a measured detonation velocity of 7570 ±20 m/s at 1.127 g/cc, outperforming every single explosive I have ever read about by almost 1000 m/s at that density.

The never-ending discussion about what makes an explosive "powerful" starts again... John paul specifically asked for VoD so that's what I provided. Detonation pressure is more interesting in a few applications but is a weaker function the energy content of the explosive and a stronger function of its density.

Since I've been writing thermochemical codes for more than five years now, I can tell you that modern code like newer versions of EXPLO5 and CHEETAH do not produce 5-10% errors. They very rarely exceed 2% error in VoD for ideal explosives. We can safely assume that new, sensitive, high performing materials are ideal.

DubaiAmateurRocketry - 30-5-2018 at 14:46
Quote:

Since I've been writing thermochemical codes for more than five years now, I can tell you that modern code like newer versions of EXPLO5 and CHEETAH do not produce 5-10% errors. They very rarely exceed 2% error in VoD for ideal explosives. We can safely assume that new, sensitive, high performing materials are ideal.


How hard would it be for you to re-create a more accurate, up-to-date, metric version of PROPEP3?

I can give a new ingredient list too.

Rocinante - 30-5-2018 at 15:42

I meant 5 - 10 % for Pcj, not VoD, I'm shooting for Pcj not VoD in relation to HMX.

underground - 30-5-2018 at 17:17

Dornier can you upload EXPLO5 / CHEETAH ?

Some reading

franklyn - 25-10-2019 at 09:40

Don't hold me to the explicit criterion of this thread. This just shows recent research of investigated compounds.

Investigation of Oxygen- and Nitrogen-rich Heterocyclic Compounds as Potential
High-Energy Dense Oxidizers or Secondary Explosives
https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/22143/1/Hermann_Tobias.pdf

New Strategy for Enhancing Energetic Properties by Regulating Trifuroxan Configuration: 3,4-Bis(3-nitrofuroxan-4-yl)furoxan
www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-39723-z


Related thread
www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=64880

.

Microtek - 2-11-2019 at 01:26

Good find Franklyn. I have had my eye on BNFF as a high performance melt castable explosive for a while, but I can't seem to find a good way to make (or buy) malononitrile.

Mr.Greeenix - 28-11-2019 at 11:28

various Salts based on 3,4-Di(nitramino)furazan

- Dihydroxylammonium 3,4-dinitraminofurazanate
g/cm3:1.857 ; νDe (m/s): 9579 ; P (Gpa): 40.4

- Dihydrazium 3,4-dinitraminofurazanate
g/cm3: 1.873 ; νDe (m/s): 9849 ; P (Gpa): 40.9

Attachment: Taming of 3,4-Di(nitramino)furazan.pdf (900kB)
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Attachment: Taming of 3,4-Di(nitramino)furazan ; Experimental.pdf (556kB)
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Salts of 1,5-Di(nitramino)tetrazole (very sensitiv bur very powerful)
Attachment: 1,5-Di(nitramino)tetrazole.pdf (1.1MB)
This file has been downloaded 474 times


5-Hydrazinotetrazolium nitrate
- g/cm3: 1.834 ; νDe (m/s): 9450 ; P (Gpa): 39.5
Attachment: Salts based on 5-hydrazino-1H-tetrazole.pdf (736kB)
This file has been downloaded 485 times







Microtek - 29-11-2019 at 02:38

Note that in the dinitraminofurazan paper, they synthesize diaminofurazan without high temperature and pressure, just refluxing at 125C with urea as dehydrating agent. The method is described more thoroughly in a 2014 paper by Zhang and Shreeve ( J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 4437) about dinitraminoazoxyfurazan. If a high-pressure reactor is no longer a requirement for diaminofurazan, a lot of interesting research becomes much more accessible.

Toward Synthesis of High Energy Dense Materials

franklyn - 4-1-2020 at 08:55

Theoretical Prediction Toward Synthesis of High Energy Dense Materials , ARL Sep 2015

Attachment: Theoretical Prediction Toward Synthesis of High Energy Dense Materials , ARL Sep 2015.pdf (682kB)
This file has been downloaded 679 times