Ethylenedinitramine
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
N,N′-Dinitro-1,2-ethanediamine
| |
| Other names
Dinitroethylene diamine
EDNA Haleite | |
| Properties | |
| C2H6N4O4 | |
| Molar mass | 150.094 g/mol |
| Appearance | White solid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.650 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 176.2–177.3 °C (349.2–351.1 °F; 449.3–450.4 K) (decomposes) |
| Boiling point | Decomposes |
| 0.10 g/100 ml (10 °C) 0.25 g/100 ml (20 °C) 1.25 g/100 ml (50 °C) 5.00 g/100 ml (75 °C) 16.4 g/100 ml (95 °C)[1] | |
| Solubility | Soluble in dioxane, methanol, nitrobenzene, nitromethane, molten TNT Sparingly soluble in ethanol Insoluble in diethyl ether |
| Solubility in acetone | 8.2 g/100 ml (20 °C) |
| Solubility in ethanol 95% | 0.55g/100 ml (10 °C) 1.00 g/100 ml (20 °C) 3.50 g/100 ml (50 °C) 10.07 g/100 ml (75 °C) 11.5 g/100 ml (78.5 °C)[2] |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH |
-576.2 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | None |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Ethylenedinitramine (EDNA) is an explosive chemical compound of the nitroamine class. It has the chemical formula C2H6N4O4.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
EDNA behaves like a dibasic acid and forms neutral salts.
Compared to other explosive materials, it is quite chemically stable to the actions of chemical reagents.
Physical
Ethylenedinitramine is a white solid, insoluble in water, but more soluble in dioxane, nitrobenzene or nitromethane. It is not hygroscopic. The density of its crystals vary from 1.66 to 1.77 depending on the solvent from which the crystallization took place.
Explosive
EDNA is a powerful explosive, with a detonation velocity of 7,570 m/s, slightly higher than that of other common explosive materials, such as TNT (6,900 m/s) or picric acid (7,350 m/s), but lower than than or RDX (8,750 m/s) or PETN (8,400 m/s). Its oxygen balance is -32%. Its decomposition/detonation temperature is given in literature above 180-210 °C. EDNA's impact sensitivity is 8 Nm, lower than that of RDX.[3]
A minimum initiating charge of 0.21 grams of mercury(II) fulminate or 0.13 grams of lead(II) azide are required for initiation.[4]
Availability
EDNA is not available to the amateur chemist and has to be prepared in situ.
Preparation
Ethylenedinitramine can be prepared via nitration or ethyleneurea (which in turn is made from ethylene glycol and urea or more commonly from ethylenediamine and diethyl carbonate) with the nitrating mixture, which yields dinitroethyleneurea, which is decomposed, releasing carbon dioxide, forming EDNA.
Projects
- Make Ednatol (58% EDNA and 42% TNT)
Handling
Safety
EDNA is explosive and should be handled with care. There is limited data on its toxicity.
Storage
In closed bottles, don't store it for too long.
Disposal
Ethylenedinitramine
References
- ↑ Military Explosives, 8-39
- ↑ Military Explosives, 8-39
- ↑ Explosives - Sixth, Completely Revised Edition - Rudolf Meyer, Josef Köhler, Axel Homburg, 2007, p. 124
- ↑ Military Explosives, 8-39
