Pentanol
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Pentan-1-ol
| |
| Other names
1-Pentanol
Amyl alcohol n-Amyl alcohol n-Pentanol | |
| Properties | |
| C5H12O C5H11OH | |
| Molar mass | 88.15 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Fusel-like |
| Density | 0.818 g/cm3 (15 °C) 0.8146 g/cm3 (20 °C) 0.811 g/cm3 (25 °C) |
| Melting point | −78 °C (−108 °F; 195 K) |
| Boiling point | 137.5 °C (279.5 °F; 410.6 K) |
| 2.2 g/100 ml (25 °C) | |
| Solubility | Miscible with acetone, diethyl ether, ethanol |
| Vapor pressure | 2.2 mmHg at 25 °C |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar
entropy (S |
258.9 J·K−1·mol−1 |
| Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH |
−351.90–−351.34 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | Sigma-Aldrich |
| Flash point | 49 °C (120 °F; 322 K) |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
| LD50 (Median dose)
|
3,645 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Butanol tert-Amyl alcohol |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Pentanol, also known as n-pentanol, 1-pentanol or pentan-1-ol, is a higher chain alcohol, used in the manufacturing of various pleasant smelling esters. It has the chemical formula C5H12O or C5H11OH.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Pentanol can be oxidized to pentanoic acid using potassium permanganate and sulfuric acid.
Physical
Pentanol is a colorless liquid, slightly soluble in water.
Availability
Amyl alcohol is sold by various chemical suppliers.
Pentanol can be obtained from the fractional distillation of fusel oil.
Preparation
n-Pentanol is cheaper to buy than synthesize it yourself.
Projects
- Make esters
Handling
Safety
Like most higher-chain alcohols, n-pentanol has a high flash point, meaning it has low flammability.
Storage
Pentanol should be kept in closed bottles.
Disposal
Can be safely destroyed by mixing it with a more flammable solvent and burned.
