Difference between revisions of "Nickel(II) sulfate"
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| OtherFunction = | | OtherFunction = | ||
| OtherFunction_label = | | OtherFunction_label = | ||
| − | | OtherCompounds = [[Nickel(II) chloride]] | + | | OtherCompounds = [[Nickel(II) chloride]]<br>[[Nickel(II) nitrate]] |
}} | }} | ||
}} | }} | ||
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==Properties== | ==Properties== | ||
| + | ===Chemical=== | ||
| + | Addition of [[ammonium sulfate]] to concentrated aqueous solutions of nickel sulfate precipitates Ni(NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O. This blue-coloured solid is analogous to [[Ammonium iron(II) sulfate|Mohr's salt]], Fe(NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Physical=== | ||
Nickel sulfate is a yellow, green or blue colored, crystalline inorganic compound that produces toxic gases upon heating. Nickel sulfate is used in electroplating and as a chemical intermediate to produce other nickel compounds. | Nickel sulfate is a yellow, green or blue colored, crystalline inorganic compound that produces toxic gases upon heating. Nickel sulfate is used in electroplating and as a chemical intermediate to produce other nickel compounds. | ||
| − | Anhydrous nickel sulfate is a yellow-green crystalline solid. Nickel sulfate can also be obtained as a hexahydrate which is blue to emerald green, and as a heptahydrate ( | + | Anhydrous nickel sulfate is a yellow-green crystalline solid. Nickel sulfate can also be obtained as a hexahydrate which is blue to emerald green, and as a heptahydrate (NiSO<sub>4</sub>·7H<sub>2</sub>O), which is green. Samples can contain variable quantities of water, depending on their previous exposure to moisture or conditions. All forms of nickel sulfate, anhydrous or hydrated are mildly toxic and are carcinogenic. All forms of nickel sulfate, anhydrous or hydrated are paramagnetic. |
==Availability== | ==Availability== | ||
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==Preparation== | ==Preparation== | ||
| − | Nickel sulfate can be made by reacting [[nickel hydroxide]] or nickel powder with [[sulfuric acid]]. | + | Nickel sulfate can be made by reacting [[nickel hydroxide]] or nickel oxide powder with [[sulfuric acid]]. The product is purified by recrystallization from concentrated solution. |
==Projects== | ==Projects== | ||
*Growing crystals | *Growing crystals | ||
*Nickel plating | *Nickel plating | ||
| + | *Make nickel carbonate | ||
| + | *Make nickel coordination complexes | ||
==Handling== | ==Handling== | ||
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===Relevant Sciencemadness threads=== | ===Relevant Sciencemadness threads=== | ||
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=14242 nickel sulfate] | *[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=14242 nickel sulfate] | ||
| + | *[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=79158 Crystallisation of divalent metal sulfates in excess of sulfuric acid] | ||
[[Category:Chemical compounds]] | [[Category:Chemical compounds]] | ||
Revision as of 14:56, 2 August 2018
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|
 NiSO4 hexahydrate crystals
| |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Nickel(II) sulfate
| |
| Systematic IUPAC name
Nickel(II) sulfate | |
| Other names
Niccolum Sulfuricum
Nickelous sulfate Nickel sulphate Morenosite Retgersite | |
| Properties | |
| NiSO4 (anhydrous) NiSO4·6 H2O (hexahydrate) NiSO4·7 H2O (heptahydrate) | |
| Molar mass | 154.75 g/mol (anhydrous) 262.85 g/mol (hexahydrate) 280.86 g/mol (heptahydrate) |
| Appearance | Yellow solid (anhydride) Blue crystals (hexahydrate) Blue-green crystals (heptahydrate) |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 4.01 g/cm3 (anhydrous) 2.07 g/cm3 (hexahydrate) 1.948 g/cm3 (heptahydrate) |
| Melting point | 100 °C (127 °F; 326 K) (anhydrous) 53 °C (127 °F; 326 K) (hexahydrate, decomposes) |
| Boiling point | 840 °C (1,540 °F; 1,110 K) (anhydrous, decomposes) |
| heptahydrate 65 g/100 ml (20 °C) 77.5 g/100 ml (30 °C) | |
| Solubility | anhydrous Insoluble in acetone, diethyl ether, ethanol hexahydrate Insoluble in ammonia, diethyl ether, ethanol heptahydrate Soluble in ethanol, methanol Insoluble in acetone, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate |
| Acidity (pKa) | 4.5 (hexahydrate) |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | Sigma-Aldrich (anhydrous) Sigma-Aldrich (hexahydrate) Sigma-Aldrich(heptahydrate) |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Nickel(II) chloride Nickel(II) nitrate |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Nickel(II) sulfate is inorganic salt of nickel with formula NiSO4. Nickel sulfate has many forms, anhydride, hexahydrate and heptahydrate. In nature occurs as rare mineral retgersite (hexahydrate) or morenosite (heptahydrate).
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Addition of ammonium sulfate to concentrated aqueous solutions of nickel sulfate precipitates Ni(NH4)2(SO4)2·6H2O. This blue-coloured solid is analogous to Mohr's salt, Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2·6H2O.
Physical
Nickel sulfate is a yellow, green or blue colored, crystalline inorganic compound that produces toxic gases upon heating. Nickel sulfate is used in electroplating and as a chemical intermediate to produce other nickel compounds.
Anhydrous nickel sulfate is a yellow-green crystalline solid. Nickel sulfate can also be obtained as a hexahydrate which is blue to emerald green, and as a heptahydrate (NiSO4·7H2O), which is green. Samples can contain variable quantities of water, depending on their previous exposure to moisture or conditions. All forms of nickel sulfate, anhydrous or hydrated are mildly toxic and are carcinogenic. All forms of nickel sulfate, anhydrous or hydrated are paramagnetic.
Availability
Nickel(II) sulfate is sold by many chemical suppliers.
Preparation
Nickel sulfate can be made by reacting nickel hydroxide or nickel oxide powder with sulfuric acid. The product is purified by recrystallization from concentrated solution.
Projects
- Growing crystals
- Nickel plating
- Make nickel carbonate
- Make nickel coordination complexes
Handling
Safety
Exposure to this substance can cause severe dermatitis, skin and asthma-like allergies and affects the lungs, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract and neurological system. Nickel sulfate is a known carcinogen and is associated with an increased risk of developing lung and nasal cancers.
Storage
Nickel(II) sulfate is best stored in closed bottles.
Disposal
Nickel(II) sulfate should be reduced to an insoluble form and taken to disposal centers. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment.
