Difference between revisions of "Decane"

Revision as of 08:38, 20 August 2016

Decane

Decane sample with its original bottle.
Names
IUPAC name n-decane
Systematic IUPAC name Decane
Identifiers
Jmol-3D images	Image
SMILES CCCCCCCCCC
Properties
Chemical formula	C10H22
Molar mass	142.29 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless viscous liquid
Odor	Faint bitumen-like
Density	0.730 g/cm3
Melting point	−30.5 to −29.2 °C; −22.8 to −20.6 °F; 242.7 to 243.9 K
Boiling point	173.8 to 174.4 °C; 344.7 to 345.8 °F; 446.9 to 447.5 K
Solubility in water	0.009 mg/l at 20 °C
Solubility	Miscible with ethanol
Vapor pressure	0.195 kPa (at 25.0 °C)
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfHo298)	−302.1–−299.9 kJ·mol−1
Hazards
Safety data sheet	ScienceLab
Flash point	46.0 °C
Related compounds
Related compounds	Nonane
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Decane or n-decane is an organic chemical compound with the chemical formula C₁₀H₂₂. It is a straight-chain hydrocarbon, which appears as a thin liquid with a viscosity similar to water.

Properties

Chemical

Decane will burn in air in the presence of an ignition source.

Physical

Decane is a colorless liquid, insoluble in water, but miscible with other organic solvents. It has a very weak petroleum or bitumen-like smell. Decane boils at around 174 °C and freezes at −30 °C.

Availability

Decane can be extracted from various petroleum solvents, such as Stoddard solvent (which contains a mixture of aliphatic and alicyclic C7 to C12 hydrocarbons), via fractional distillation, though you need a large amount of Stoddard solvent to obtain any useful amount of n-decane.

Complete reduction of caproic acid will yield n-decane.

Decane can also be purchased from chemical suppliers.

Preparation

Decane is best purchased or extracted from petroleum products than prepared.

Projects

• Organic extractions

Handling

Safety

Decane is toxic if consumed, but generally it's quite harmless. Due to its high boiling point, it gives off few vapors, which may irritate the eyes on contact. Decane is flammable and will ignite in the presence of an ignition source.

Storage

In closed bottles, away from any heat source.

Disposal

Decane can be mixed with a more flammable solvent and safely burned outside.

References

Relevant Sciencemadness threads

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