Difference between revisions of "Trinitrotoluene"
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===Physical=== | ===Physical=== | ||
TNT is a yellowish solid, insoluble in water but readily soluble in organic solvents. | TNT is a yellowish solid, insoluble in water but readily soluble in organic solvents. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Explosive=== | ||
| + | TNT is a relative insensitive explosive, with a RE factor of 1.00 and a detonation velocity of 6900 m/s. | ||
==Availability== | ==Availability== | ||
Revision as of 19:08, 29 May 2016
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
2-Methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene
| |
| Other names
2,4,6-Trinitromethylbenzene, 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene,
TNT, Trilite, Tolite, Trinol, Trotyl, Tritolo, Tritolol, Triton, Tritone, Trotol, Trinitrotoluol
| |
| Identifiers | |
| Jmol-3D images | Image |
| |
| Properties | |
| C7H5N3O6 | |
| Molar mass | 227.13 g/mol |
| Appearance | Pale yellow solid |
| Density | 1.654 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 80.35 °C (176.63 °F; 353.50 K) |
| Boiling point | 240 °C (464 °F; 513 K) (decomposes) |
| 0.13 g/L (20 °C) | |
| Solubility | Diethyl ether, acetone, benzene, pyridine |
| Vapor pressure | 0.0002 mmHg (20°C) |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | Zaryachem |
| Flash point | 167 °C |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
| LD50 (Median dose)
|
795 mg/kg (rat, oral) 660 (mouse, oral) |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Trinitrotoluene or TNT, or more specifically 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, is a chemical compound with the formula C6H2(NO2)3CH3. TNT's most common use is that of an explosive material, with both military and (some) civilian applications. The explosive yield of TNT is considered to be the standard measure of strength of explosive materials.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
TNT explodes when set off.
Physical
TNT is a yellowish solid, insoluble in water but readily soluble in organic solvents.
Explosive
TNT is a relative insensitive explosive, with a RE factor of 1.00 and a detonation velocity of 6900 m/s.
Availability
Chemical suppliers do not sell bulk TNT, but rather diluted solutions, mainly for analysis. These however are not available to the amateur chemist.
Preparation
TNT can be prepared by nitrating toluene to mononitrotoluene, then dinitrotoluene and finally trinitrotoluene using a nitrating mixture.
Projects
- Make blasting charge
Handling
Safety
TNT is extremely toxic. Exposure to TNT leads to the skin turning yellow, and people with such condition during WWI (women working in munitions factories) were nicknamed "canaries" or "canary girls".
Storage
TNT should be stored in closed containers, away from any source of hazard.
Disposal
TNT can be safely neutralized with Fenton's reagent.
References
Sciencemadness library
Relevant Sciencemadness threads
- Chemical pages without CAS Registry Number
- Articles without EBI source
- Chemical pages without ChemSpiderID
- Chemical pages without DrugBank identifier
- Articles without KEGG source
- Articles without InChI source
- Articles without UNII source
- Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes
- Chembox articles without image
- Chemical compounds
- Organic compounds
- Aromatic compounds
- Nitrated organic compounds
- Materials unstable in basic solution
- Energetic materials
- High explosives
