Difference between revisions of "Magnesium chloride"
m (→Relevant Sciencemadness threads) |
(→Relevant Sciencemadness threads) |
||
| Line 152: | Line 152: | ||
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads=== | ===Relevant Sciencemadness threads=== | ||
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=41540 failed attempt for magnesium chloride.] | *[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=41540 failed attempt for magnesium chloride.] | ||
| − | + | *[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=44622 Magnesium Chloride to Magnesium Metal] | |
[[Category:Chemical compounds]] | [[Category:Chemical compounds]] | ||
Revision as of 22:45, 27 January 2016
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Magnesium chloride
| |
| Systematic IUPAC name
Magnesium chloride | |
| Identifiers | |
| Jmol-3D images | Image |
| |
| Properties | |
| MgCl2 | |
| Molar mass | 95.211 g/mol (anhydrous) 203.31 g/mol (hexahydrate) |
| Appearance | white or colorless crystalline solid |
| Density | 2.32 g/cm3 (anhydrous) 1.569 g/cm3 (hexahydrate) |
| Melting point | 714 °C (1,317 °F; 987 K) 117 °C (243 °F; 390 K) (hexahydrate) |
| anhydrous 52.9 g/100 mL (0 °C) 54.3 g/100 mL (20 °C) 72.6 g/100 mL (100 °C) hexahydrate 167 g/100 mL (20 °C) | |
| Solubility | slightly soluble in acetone, pyridine |
| Solubility in ethanol | 7.4 g/100 mL (30 °C) |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar
entropy (S |
89.88 J/mol K |
| Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH |
-641.1 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | ICSC 0764 |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
| LD50 (Median dose)
|
2800 mg/kg (oral, rat) |
| Related compounds | |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Magnesium chloride also known as Nigari is a chemical compounds with the formula MgCl2.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Magnesium chloride will react with calcium hydroxide to give magnesium hydroxide and calcium chloride
- MgCl2(aq) + Ca(OH)2 → Mg(OH)2(pp) + CaCl2(aq)
Physical
Magnesium chloride is a white hygroscopic solid, soluble in water but poorly soluble in ethanol.
Availability
Magnesium chloride is available as tofu coagulant, more exactly as "Nigari flakes" or "Nigari salt".
Magnesium chloride sometimes occurs naturally as the mineral bischofite.
Preparation
Magnesium chloride can be prepared by reacting hydrochloric acid with magnesium or magnesium carbonate.
A cheaper way involves the reaction of magnesium sulfate (Epsom salt) with calcium chloride. The resulting calcium sulfate is filtered off and the magnesium chloride solution is gently heated at 100 °C to remove the water. Since a small amount will hydrolyze, injecting dry hydrogen chloride gas will regenerate the magnesium chloride. Magnesium carbonate can also be used instead of Epsom salt.
Projects
- Make elemental magnesium (electrolysis of molten MgCl2 at over 714 °C, or of an eutectic mixture of MgCl2, KCl, NaCl at 475 °C)
- Home-made desiccator
Handling
Safety
Magnesium chloride is deliquescent and its anhydrous form may cause irritations on contact with skin, eyes or mouth.
Storage
Because of its hygroscopicity, magnesium chloride must be stored in an air-tight container.
Disposal
Magnesium chloride can be safely poured down the drain.
References
Relevant Sciencemadness threads
- Chemical pages without CAS Registry Number
- Articles without EBI source
- Chemical pages without ChemSpiderID
- Chemical pages without DrugBank identifier
- Articles without KEGG source
- Articles without InChI source
- Articles without UNII source
- Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes
- Chembox articles without image
- Chemical compounds
- Inorganic compounds
- Magnesium compounds
- Chlorides
- Easily prepared chemicals
- Hygroscopic compounds
