Difference between revisions of "Barium azide"
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Revision as of 18:22, 31 August 2020
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Barium azide
| |
| Other names
Barium diazide
Barium dinitride Barium(II) azide | |
| Identifiers | |
| Jmol-3D images | Image |
| |
| Properties | |
| BaN6 Ba(N3)2 | |
| Molar mass | 221.37 g/mol |
| Appearance | White solid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 2.936 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 126 °C (259 °F; 399 K) |
| Boiling point | 160 °C (320 °F; 433 K) (detonation starts in the range of 160-225 °C) |
| 11.5 g/100 ml (0 °C) 14.98 g/100ml (15.7 °C) 15.36 g/100ml (20.0 °C) 22.73 g/100ml (52.1 °C) 24.75 g/100ml (70.0 °C) | |
| Solubility | Reacts with acids Insoluble in acetone, diethyl ether, CCl4, toluene |
| Solubility in ethanol | 0.017 g/100 ml (16 °C) |
| Vapor pressure | ~0 mmHg |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | None |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Strontium azide |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Barium azide is an inorganic azide with the formula Ba(N3)2. Like most azides, it is explosive, though less sensitive to mechanical shock than lead(II) azide.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Barium azide can be used to make azides of lithium, magnesium, potassium, rubidium, sodium and zinc via substitution with their respective sulfates.
Thermal decomposition of barium azide in an inert atmosphere yields very pure nitrogen gas, leaving behind very pure barium nitride or barium metal powder, both highly reactive in powdered form.
- Ba(N3)2 → Ba + 3 N2
- 3 Ba(N3)2 → Ba3N2 + 8 N2
Physical
Barium azide is a white solid, soluble in water.
Explosive
Barium azide is a shock-sensitive explosive, though compared to most azides it's less sensitive. Likewise, it's relatively insensitive to impact. Wet barium azide is far less sensitive than dry barium azide. When ignited in air, it burns with a green flame and may explode if the temperature is high enough.
Availability
Barium azide is not sold since it's a sensitive explosive material. It has to be made in situ.
Preparation
Barium azide can be prepared by neutralizing barium carbonate or hydroxide with hydrazoic acid. This route is dangerous, due to the high toxicity and volatility of hydrazoic acid.
A safer route involves adding barium chloride to sodium azide and precipitate out the NaCl. The solution is further purified to obtain pure barium azide.
Projects
- Make almost any azide
Handling
Safety
Barium azide, like most azides, is highly poisonous and explosive. Handle it with proper protection.
Storage
Should be stored as wet solid, usually at 50%, and not for long periods of time.
Disposal
Can be destroyed using acidified sodium nitrite aka nitrous acid.
The resulting barium salts are treated to barium sulfate using sodium or ammonium sulfate. Do not add ammonium sulfate to barium azide directly, as that will create the sensitive explosive ammonium azide!
References
Relevant Sciencemadness threads
- Chemical pages without CAS Registry Number
- Articles without EBI source
- Chemical pages without ChemSpiderID
- Chemical pages without DrugBank identifier
- Articles without KEGG source
- Articles without InChI source
- Articles without UNII source
- Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes
- Chembox articles without image
- Chemical compounds
- Inorganic compounds
- Barium compounds
- Nitrogen compounds
- Azides
- Energetic materials
- Things that can kill you very quickly
