Difference between revisions of "Nicotinamide"
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| Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards | | Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards | ||
| − | | AutoignitionPt = | + | | AutoignitionPt = 480 °C (896 °F; 753 K) |
| ExploLimits = | | ExploLimits = | ||
| − | | ExternalMSDS = | + | | ExternalMSDS = [https://www.docdroid.net/TR3IoSm/nicotinamide-sa.pdf Sigma-Aldrich] |
| − | | FlashPt = | + | | FlashPt = 182 °C (360 °F; 455 K) |
| − | | LD50 = | + | | LD50 = 3,530 mg/kg (rat, oral)<br>2,000 mg/kg (rabbit, dermal) |
| LC50 = | | LC50 = | ||
| MainHazards = | | MainHazards = | ||
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==Preparation== | ==Preparation== | ||
| − | The hydrolysis of nicotinonitrile yields | + | The hydrolysis of nicotinonitrile yields niacinamide. |
However, it's much cheaper to just buy the substance from sellers. | However, it's much cheaper to just buy the substance from sellers. | ||
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*Make 2-chloronicotinonitril | *Make 2-chloronicotinonitril | ||
*Food supplement | *Food supplement | ||
| + | *Stabilizer for [[acetaldehyde]] | ||
==Handling== | ==Handling== | ||
===Safety=== | ===Safety=== | ||
| − | Niacinamide has low toxicity and is not irritant. Consumption of pure nicotinamide has minimal side effects. At high doses liver problems may occur. Normal doses are safe during pregnancy. | + | Niacinamide has low toxicity and is not irritant. Consumption of pure nicotinamide has minimal side effects. At high doses however, liver problems may occur. Normal doses are safe during pregnancy. |
===Storage=== | ===Storage=== | ||
Revision as of 16:29, 11 January 2020
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Pyridine-3-carboxamide
| |
| Other names
3-pyridinecarboxamide
NAM Niacinamide Nicotinic acid amide Nicotinic amide Vitamin B3 Vitamin PP | |
| Properties | |
| C6H6N2O | |
| Molar mass | 122.127 g/mol |
| Appearance | White solid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.40 g/cm3 (25 °C) |
| Melting point | 129.5 °C (265.1 °F; 402.6 K) |
| Boiling point | 334 °C (633 °F; 607 K) (decomposes) |
| 50 g/100 ml (25 °C) | |
| Solubility | Soluble in acetone, butanol, chloroform, ethanol, ethylene glycol, pentanol Slightly soluble in benzene |
| Vapor pressure | 4.2·10-4 mmHg at 25 °C |
| Acidity (pKa) | 3.35 |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | Sigma-Aldrich |
| Flash point | 182 °C (360 °F; 455 K) |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
| LD50 (Median dose)
|
3,530 mg/kg (rat, oral) 2,000 mg/kg (rabbit, dermal) |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Niacin |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Nicotinamide (NAM), also known as niacinamide, is a form of vitamin B3 found in food and used as a dietary supplement and medication. It is an amide of nicotinic acid.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Niacinamide readily hydrolyzes to free acid by heating it in acid or alkaline solution.
Nicotinamide is a building block (active component) of coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phopshate (NADP).
Physical
Niacinamide is a white solid, odorless, with a bitter taste.
Availability
Niacinamide is sold by food stores and pharmacies, in pure form or as tablets.
Can also be bought online.
Preparation
The hydrolysis of nicotinonitrile yields niacinamide.
However, it's much cheaper to just buy the substance from sellers.
Projects
- Make 2-chloronicotinonitril
- Food supplement
- Stabilizer for acetaldehyde
Handling
Safety
Niacinamide has low toxicity and is not irritant. Consumption of pure nicotinamide has minimal side effects. At high doses however, liver problems may occur. Normal doses are safe during pregnancy.
Storage
In closed bottles or bags.
Disposal
No special disposal is required. Discard it as you wish.
