Difference between revisions of "Butyl acetate"
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| + | | Name = Butyl acetate | ||
| + | | Reference = | ||
| + | | IUPACName = Butyl acetate | ||
| + | | PIN = Butyl acetate | ||
| + | | SystematicName = Butyl ethanoate | ||
| + | | OtherNames = Acetic acid n-butyl ester<br>Butile<br>n-Butyl acetate | ||
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| + | <!-- Sections --> | ||
| + | | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | ||
| + | | 3DMet = | ||
| + | | Abbreviations = | ||
| + | | SMILES = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | ||
| + | | AtmosphericOHRateConstant = | ||
| + | | Appearance = Colorless liquid | ||
| + | | BoilingPt = | ||
| + | | BoilingPtC = 126.1 | ||
| + | | BoilingPt_ref = | ||
| + | | BoilingPt_notes = | ||
| + | | Density = 0.8825 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (20 °C) | ||
| + | | Formula = C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>2</sub> | ||
| + | | HenryConstant = 0.281 L·atm/mol | ||
| + | | LogP = | ||
| + | | MolarMass = | ||
| + | | MeltingPt = | ||
| + | | MeltingPtC = -78 | ||
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| + | | Odor = Fruity, paint-like | ||
| + | | pKa = | ||
| + | | pKb = | ||
| + | | Solubility = 0.68 g/100 ml (20 °C) | ||
| + | | SolubleOther = Miscible with [[acetone]], [[chloroform]], [[diethyl ether]], [[ethanol]], [[toluene]], [[xylene]] | ||
| + | | Solvent = | ||
| + | | VaporPressure = 0.1 kPa (−19 °C)<br> 1.66 kPa (24 °C)<br> 44.5 kPa (100 °C) | ||
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| + | | Section3 = {{Chembox Structure | ||
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| + | | Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry | ||
| + | | DeltaGf = | ||
| + | | DeltaHc = 3467 kJ/mol | ||
| + | | DeltaHf = −609.6 kJ/mol | ||
| + | | Entropy = | ||
| + | | HeatCapacity = 225.11 J·mol<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup> | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section5 = {{Chembox Explosive | ||
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| + | | Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards | ||
| + | | AutoignitionPt = 420 °C | ||
| + | | ExploLimits = | ||
| + | | ExternalMSDS = [https://www.docdroid.net/US1vRtd/butyl-acetate-sa.pdf.html Sigma-Aldrich] | ||
| + | | FlashPt = | ||
| + | | LD50 = 10,768 mg/kg (rats, oral) | ||
| + | | LC50 = 160 ppm (rat, 4 hr)<br>2,000 ppm (rat, 4 hr)<br>391 ppm (rat, 4 hr)<br>1,242 ppm (mouse, 2 hr) | ||
| + | | MainHazards = Irritant | ||
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| + | | OtherAnions = | ||
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| + | | OtherCompounds = [[Butyl formate]] | ||
| + | }} | ||
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'''Butyl acetate''', also known as '''butyl ethanoate''' or '''n-butyl acetate''', is an organic compound, an ester between [[acetic acid]] and [[butanol]] commonly used as a solvent. | '''Butyl acetate''', also known as '''butyl ethanoate''' or '''n-butyl acetate''', is an organic compound, an ester between [[acetic acid]] and [[butanol]] commonly used as a solvent. | ||
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Butyl acetate is also found in most paint thinners, usually mixed with toluene or acetone. It can be extracted via fractional distillation. | Butyl acetate is also found in most paint thinners, usually mixed with toluene or acetone. It can be extracted via fractional distillation. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Some paint strippers use butyl acetate. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Butyl acetate is omnipresent in most OTC solvents/paint thinners, and its presence may affect various chemical reactions done in said solvents. | ||
==Preparation== | ==Preparation== | ||
| − | Butyl acetate is synthesized via the Fischer esterification of n-butanol and acetic acid with the presence of catalytic [[sulfuric acid]] under reflux. | + | Butyl acetate is synthesized via the Fischer esterification of n-butanol and glacial acetic acid, with the presence of catalytic [[sulfuric acid]] under reflux. An excess of acetic acid is usually used in this preparation, as separation of butanol and butyl acetate is difficult. |
==Projects== | ==Projects== | ||
Latest revision as of 22:48, 26 July 2018
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Butyl acetate
| |
| Preferred IUPAC name
Butyl acetate | |
| Systematic IUPAC name
Butyl ethanoate | |
| Other names
Acetic acid n-butyl ester
Butile n-Butyl acetate | |
| Properties | |
| C6H12O2 | |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Fruity, paint-like |
| Density | 0.8825 g/cm3 (20 °C) |
| Melting point | −78 °C (−108 °F; 195 K) |
| Boiling point | 126.1 °C (259.0 °F; 399.2 K) |
| 0.68 g/100 ml (20 °C) | |
| Solubility | Miscible with acetone, chloroform, diethyl ether, ethanol, toluene, xylene |
| Vapor pressure | 0.1 kPa (−19 °C) 1.66 kPa (24 °C) 44.5 kPa (100 °C) |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH |
−609.6 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | Sigma-Aldrich |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
| LD50 (Median dose)
|
10,768 mg/kg (rats, oral) |
| LC50 (Median concentration)
|
160 ppm (rat, 4 hr) 2,000 ppm (rat, 4 hr) 391 ppm (rat, 4 hr) 1,242 ppm (mouse, 2 hr) |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Butyl formate |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Butyl acetate, also known as butyl ethanoate or n-butyl acetate, is an organic compound, an ester between acetic acid and butanol commonly used as a solvent.
It has 3 other isomers: isobutyl acetate, sec-butyl acetate and tert-butyl acetate. IUPAC nomenclature specifies that the butyl acetate name must only be used for the n isomer.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Butyl acetate will hydrolyze under alkali conditions to give butanol and acetic acid or an acetate salt.
Physical
Butyl acetate is a colorless flammable liquid, with a fruity smell. It is poorly soluble in water (0.68 g/100 ml at 20 °C), but miscible in ethanol and soluble in chloroform and acetone. It boils at 126.1 °C and freezes at −78 °C.
Availability
Butyl acetate can be purchased from many chemical suppliers, such as ScienceStuff.
Butyl acetate is also found in most paint thinners, usually mixed with toluene or acetone. It can be extracted via fractional distillation.
Some paint strippers use butyl acetate.
Butyl acetate is omnipresent in most OTC solvents/paint thinners, and its presence may affect various chemical reactions done in said solvents.
Preparation
Butyl acetate is synthesized via the Fischer esterification of n-butanol and glacial acetic acid, with the presence of catalytic sulfuric acid under reflux. An excess of acetic acid is usually used in this preparation, as separation of butanol and butyl acetate is difficult.
Projects
- Make synthetic fruit flavors
- Organic solvent
Handling
Safety
Butyl acetate has moderate toxicity.
Storage
In closed bottles, away from any heat source.
Disposal
Butyl acetate can be safely burned in open air.
