Difference between revisions of "Dimethylformamide"

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| Name = Dimethylformamide
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| Reference =
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| IUPACName = N,N-Dimethylformamide
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| PIN =
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| SystematicName =
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| OtherNames = N,N-Dimethylmethanamide<br>DMF
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| ImageFile = Dimethylformamide bottle and sample.jpg
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| ImageSize = 280
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| ImageCaption = Dimethylformamide sample and bottle
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
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| 3DMet =
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| Abbreviations =
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| SMILES = C[n](C):c:[o]<br>CN(C)C=O
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  }}
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
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| AtmosphericOHRateConstant =
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| Appearance = Colorless liquid
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| BoilingPt =
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| BoilingPtC = 152 to 154
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| BoilingPt_ref =
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| BoilingPt_notes =
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| Density = 0.948 g/mL
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| Formula = C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>NO
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| HenryConstant =
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| LogP = −0.829
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| MolarMass = 73.10 g/mol
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| MeltingPt =
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| MeltingPtC = −60.5
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| Odor = None (fresh)<br>Fishy, amoniacal (old)
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| pKa =
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| Solubility = Miscible
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| SolubleOther = Miscible with [[ethanol]], [[toluene]]
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| Solvent =
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| VaporPressure = 516 Pa
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| DeltaGf =
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| DeltaHc = −1.9428–−1.9404 MJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
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| DeltaHf = −240.6–−238.2 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
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| Entropy =
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| HeatCapacity = 146.05 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup>
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| ShockSens = Non-explosive
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| Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards
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| AutoignitionPt = 445 °C
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| ExploLimits = 2.2–15.2%
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| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.labchem.com/tools/msds/msds/75447.pdf LabChem]
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| FlashPt = 58 °C
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| LD50 = 1.5 g kg−1 (dermal, rabbit)<br>2.8 g kg−1 (oral, rat)<br>3.7 g/kg (mouse, oral)<br>3.5 g/kg (rat, oral)
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| LC50 = 3092 ppm (mouse, 2 hr)
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| MainHazards = Toxic
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| Section7 = {{Chembox Related
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| OtherAnions =
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| OtherFunction =
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| OtherCompounds = [[Formamide]]
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{{Stub}}
 
'''Dimethylformamide''' or '''N,N-dimethylformamide''' is an organic compound with the formula '''(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>NC(O)H'''.
 
'''Dimethylformamide''' or '''N,N-dimethylformamide''' is an organic compound with the formula '''(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>NC(O)H'''.

Revision as of 18:47, 9 March 2016

Dimethylformamide
Dimethylformamide bottle and sample.jpg
Dimethylformamide sample and bottle
Names
IUPAC name
N,N-Dimethylformamide
Other names
N,N-Dimethylmethanamide
DMF
Identifiers
Jmol-3D images Image
Properties
C3H7NO
Molar mass 73.10 g/mol
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor None (fresh)
Fishy, amoniacal (old)
Density 0.948 g/mL
Melting point −60.5 °C (−76.9 °F; 212.7 K)
Boiling point 152 to 154 °C (306 to 309 °F; 425 to 427 K)
Miscible
Solubility Miscible with ethanol, toluene
Vapor pressure 516 Pa
Thermochemistry
−240.6–−238.2 kJ mol−1
Hazards
Safety data sheet LabChem
Flash point 58 °C
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
1.5 g kg−1 (dermal, rabbit)
2.8 g kg−1 (oral, rat)
3.7 g/kg (mouse, oral)
3.5 g/kg (rat, oral)
3092 ppm (mouse, 2 hr)
Related compounds
Related compounds
 Formamide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references
Stub.png This article is a stub. Please help Sciencemadness Wiki by expanding it, adding pictures, and improving existing text.

Dimethylformamide or N,N-dimethylformamide is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NC(O)H.

Properties

Chemical

DMF penetrates most types of plastic and causes them to swell.

Physical

Dimethylformamide is an odorless, colorless liquid, miscible with water and most organic liquids. Technical grade or degraded samples often have a fishy smell due to impurities, such as dimethylamine.

Availability

DMF is sold by various chemical suppliers.

Preparation

Dimethylformamide can be synthesized from methyl formate and dimethylamine or by reaction of dimethylamine with carbon monoxide.

Projects

  • Acyl halide synthesis

Handling

Safety

DMF has been linked to cancer in humans, and it is thought to cause birth defects.

Storage

In closed bottles, away from any acidic vapors. DMF will slowly break down to release dimethylamine.

Disposal

DMF should be mixed with a more flammable solvent and safely burned.

References

Relevant Sciencemadness threads

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