Difference between revisions of "Vanadium pentoxide"
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'''Vanadium(V) oxide''' also known as '''vanadium pentoxide''' or '''vanadia''' is the inorganic compound with the formula V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>. It is one of several oxides of [[vanadium]]. | '''Vanadium(V) oxide''' also known as '''vanadium pentoxide''' or '''vanadia''' is the inorganic compound with the formula V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>. It is one of several oxides of [[vanadium]]. | ||
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===Physical=== | ===Physical=== | ||
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Vanadium pentoxide is a brown-yellow compound, slightly soluble in water, where it gives yellow colored solution. | Vanadium pentoxide is a brown-yellow compound, slightly soluble in water, where it gives yellow colored solution. | ||
Revision as of 16:24, 11 January 2016
Vanadium(V) oxide also known as vanadium pentoxide or vanadia is the inorganic compound with the formula V2O5. It is one of several oxides of vanadium.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Vanadium pentoxide will yield oxygen and turns into oxides of lower states and finally the pure metal when heated at high temperature.
- V2O5 → VO2 → V2O3 → VO → V
The reaction is reversible.
Vanadium pentoxide will not be reduced to its respective salts if reacted with a strong acid, instead it will generate oxovanadium cations:
- V2O5 + 6HCl + 7H2O → 2[VO(H2O)5]2+ + 4Cl− + Cl2
- V2O5 + 2 HNO3 → 2 VO2(NO3) + H2O
Reaction with thionyl chloride generates vanadium oxychloride:
- V2O5 + 3 SOCl2 → 2 VOCl3 + 3 SO2
Solid V2O5 is reduced by oxalic acid, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide to give vanadium(IV) oxide, VO2 as a deep-blue solid.
Sodium metavanadate can be made by reacting vanadium(V) oxide with hot sodium carbonate. This can then be reacted with ammonium chloride to form the less soluble ammonium metavanadate[1].
Physical
Vanadium pentoxide is a brown-yellow compound, slightly soluble in water, where it gives yellow colored solution.
Availability
Vanadium pentoxide is sold by certain ceramic pigment companies. US pigment sells 1 pound at $30, and Seattle Pottery Supply sells it for $24 per pound.
Preparation
Thermal decomposition of ammonium metavanadate at 200 °C will give pure vanadium pentoxide:
- 2 NH4VO3 → V2O5 + 2 NH3 + H2O
Projects
- Vanadium oxides
- Sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid generation
- Maleic and phthalic anhydride synthesis
- Vanadium redox battery
Handling
Safety
Vanadium pentoxide exhibits modest toxicity to humans, with an LD50 of about 470 mg/kg. The greater hazard is with inhalation of the dust, where the LD50 ranges from 4-11mg/kg for a 2 week exposure.
Storage
Vanadium pentoxide should be stored in closed containers, away from any acidic vapors.
Disposal
Vanadium pentoxide should not be released in the environment in large quantities.
