Difference between revisions of "Sodium iodide"
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Revision as of 15:17, 18 November 2023
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Sodium iodide
| |
| Other names
Sodium monoiodide
| |
| Properties | |
| NaI | |
| Molar mass | 149.89 g/mol |
| Appearance | White solid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 3.67 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 661 °C (1,222 °F; 934 K) |
| Boiling point | 1,304 °C (2,379 °F; 1,577 K) |
| 158.7 g/100 ml (0 °C) 184.2 g/100 ml (25 °C) 227.8 g/100 ml (50 °C) 294 g/100 ml (70 °C) 302 g/100 ml (100 °C) | |
| Solubility | Reacts with sulfuric acid Soluble in acetone, acetonitrile, ethanol, formamide, formic acid, isopropanol, methanol Slightly soluble in dimethylformamide, liq. sulfur dioxide Insoluble in halocarbons, hydrocarbons |
| Solubility in acetamide | 32.3 g/100 g (41.5 °C) |
| Solubility in acetone | 50.4425 g/100 g (25 °C) |
| Solubility in acetonitrile | 24.9 g/100 g (25 °C) |
| Solubility in ammonia | 162 g/100 g (25 °C) |
| Solubility in dichloromethane | 0.009 g/100 g (25 °C) |
| Vapor pressure | ~0 mmHg |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar
entropy (S |
91 J·mol−1·K−1 |
| Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH |
−288 kJ·mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | Sigma-Aldrich |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
| LD50 (Median dose)
|
4.340 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Potassium iodide |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Sodium iodide (NaI) is a chemical compound, a salt formed from sodium and iodine.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Addition of a strong acid, like sulfuric acid will form hydroiodic acid, which decomposes to liberate elemental iodine.
- 2 NaI + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2 HI
- 2 HI → H2 + I2
Physical
Sodium iodide is a colorless odorless solid, soluble in water.
Availability
Sodium iodide is sold by chemical suppliers.
Preparation
Can be made by neutralizing hydroiodic acid with sodium hydroxide/carbonate/bicarbonate:
- NaOH + HI → NaI + H2O
- Na2CO3 + 2 HI → 2 NaI + H2O + CO2
- NaHCO3 + HI → NaI + H2O + CO2
Another route is addition of iodine to sodium thiosulfate.
- 2 Na2S2O3 + I2 → 2 NaI + Na2S4O6
Projects
- Make hydrogen iodide and hydroiodic acid
- Make elemental iodine
- Finkelstein reaction
Handling
Safety
Sodium iodide has low toxicity.
Storage
Sodium iodide should be kept in closed bottles, plastic or glass.
Disposal
Can be recycled or dumped in trash.
