Difference between revisions of "Sodium chlorosulfonate"
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| − | | Solubility = | + | | Solubility = Reacts |
| − | | SolubleOther = Reacts with [[ammonia]] | + | | SolubleOther = Reacts with [[alcohol]]s, [[base]]s, [[ammonia]], [[ester]]s |
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| − | '''Sodium chlorosulfonate''' is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula '''NaSO<sub>3</sub>Cl'''. | + | '''Sodium chlorosulfonate''' is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula '''NaSO<sub>3</sub>Cl'''. It is the sodium salt of [[chlorosulfuric acid]]. |
==Properties== | ==Properties== | ||
===Chemical=== | ===Chemical=== | ||
| + | Sodium chlorosulfonate reacts strongly with water, producing [[sodium bisulfate]] and [[hydrogen chloride|HCl]] fumes.<ref>[https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/cber.19010340339 Otto Ruff, Katalytische Reactionen. II Zerfall der Chlorsulfonsäure in Sulfurylchlorid und Schwefelsäure, Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft, Volume 34, Issue 3, Oktober–Dezember 1901, Pages 3509-3515]</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | : NaSO<sub>3</sub>Cl + H<sub>2</sub>O → NaHSO<sub>4</sub> + HCl | ||
| + | |||
Sodium chlorosulfonate decomposes when heated to form [[sodium sulfate]], [[chlorine]] and [[sulfur dioxide]].<ref>Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie; vol. S: MVol.B3; 132, page 1808 - 1810</ref> | Sodium chlorosulfonate decomposes when heated to form [[sodium sulfate]], [[chlorine]] and [[sulfur dioxide]].<ref>Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie; vol. S: MVol.B3; 132, page 1808 - 1810</ref> | ||
: 2 NaSO<sub>3</sub>Cl → Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> + Cl<sub>2</sub> + SO<sub>2</sub> | : 2 NaSO<sub>3</sub>Cl → Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> + Cl<sub>2</sub> + SO<sub>2</sub> | ||
| − | Sodium chlorosulfonate reacts with [[ammonia]] at -33 °C to form [[ammonium sulfamate]], at around 53% yield. The reaction is describe as | + | Sodium chlorosulfonate reacts with [[ammonia]] at -33 °C to form [[ammonium sulfamate]], at around 53% yield. The reaction is describe as vigorous. [[Ammonium sulfate]] and ammonium imidodisulfonate are produced as side products.<ref>[https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01267a049 H. H. Sisler and L. F. Audrieth, The Action of Liquid Ammonia upon Sulfur Trioxide Addition Compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1939, 61, 12, 3392–3393]</ref> |
| + | |||
| + | : NaSO<sub>3</sub>Cl + 2 NH<sub>3</sub> → NH<sub>4</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>2</sub> + NaCl | ||
Addition of conc. sulfuric acid will produce [[chlorosulfuric acid]], which can be distilled off.<ref>Sanger, C. R.; Riegel, E. R.; Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences; vol. 47; (1911); p. 671 - 718</ref> | Addition of conc. sulfuric acid will produce [[chlorosulfuric acid]], which can be distilled off.<ref>Sanger, C. R.; Riegel, E. R.; Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences; vol. 47; (1911); p. 671 - 718</ref> | ||
===Physical=== | ===Physical=== | ||
| − | Sodium chlorosulfonate is a colorless solid. | + | Sodium chlorosulfonate is a colorless solid, that readily and violently reacts with water, and some organic solvents, like alcohols, esters and ammonia or amines. In a perfectly dry environment, the compound should be odorless, but any trace of moisture may induce hydrolysis, giving it an acidic smell. |
==Availability== | ==Availability== | ||
| − | + | There doesn't appear to be anyone selling this stuff. | |
==Preparation== | ==Preparation== | ||
| Line 142: | Line 148: | ||
==Handling== | ==Handling== | ||
===Safety=== | ===Safety=== | ||
| − | + | Sodium chlorosulfonate reacts with water and moisture, releasing HCl fumes, which are highly corrosive. Thus, one must wear proper protection when handling this compound. | |
===Storage=== | ===Storage=== | ||
| − | + | Should be kept in airtight containers, free of any moisture. Schlenk flasks are a possibility for long-term storage. | |
===Disposal=== | ===Disposal=== | ||
| − | + | Should be added very carefully to crushed ice, in a closed box. | |
==References== | ==References== | ||
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[[Category:Sodium compounds]] | [[Category:Sodium compounds]] | ||
[[Category:Chlorine compounds]] | [[Category:Chlorine compounds]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Materials that react with water]] | ||
[[Category:Solids]] | [[Category:Solids]] | ||
Latest revision as of 20:30, 8 November 2023
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Sodium chlorosulfonate
| |
| Other names
Sodium chlorosulfate
| |
| Properties | |
| NaSO3Cl | |
| Molar mass | 138.507 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless solid |
| Odor | Odorless (pure) Acrid, acidic |
| Reacts | |
| Solubility | Reacts with alcohols, bases, ammonia, esters |
| Hazards | |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Chlorosulfuric acid Sodium sulfate |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Sodium chlorosulfonate is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula NaSO3Cl. It is the sodium salt of chlorosulfuric acid.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Sodium chlorosulfonate reacts strongly with water, producing sodium bisulfate and HCl fumes.[1]
- NaSO3Cl + H2O → NaHSO4 + HCl
Sodium chlorosulfonate decomposes when heated to form sodium sulfate, chlorine and sulfur dioxide.[2]
- 2 NaSO3Cl → Na2SO4 + Cl2 + SO2
Sodium chlorosulfonate reacts with ammonia at -33 °C to form ammonium sulfamate, at around 53% yield. The reaction is describe as vigorous. Ammonium sulfate and ammonium imidodisulfonate are produced as side products.[3]
- NaSO3Cl + 2 NH3 → NH4SO3NH2 + NaCl
Addition of conc. sulfuric acid will produce chlorosulfuric acid, which can be distilled off.[4]
Physical
Sodium chlorosulfonate is a colorless solid, that readily and violently reacts with water, and some organic solvents, like alcohols, esters and ammonia or amines. In a perfectly dry environment, the compound should be odorless, but any trace of moisture may induce hydrolysis, giving it an acidic smell.
Availability
There doesn't appear to be anyone selling this stuff.
Preparation
Chlorosulfuric acid will react with dry sodium chloride to yield sodium chlorosulfonate.[5]
- HSO3Cl + NaCl → NaSO3Cl + HCl
Alternatively, it can be produced by the reaction of sulfur trioxide with sodium chloride. Anhydrous hydrogen chloride can be used as reaction solvent[6]
- SO3 + NaCl → NaSO3Cl
Projects
- Compound collecting
- Make ammonium sulfamate
- Make chlorosulfuric acid
Handling
Safety
Sodium chlorosulfonate reacts with water and moisture, releasing HCl fumes, which are highly corrosive. Thus, one must wear proper protection when handling this compound.
Storage
Should be kept in airtight containers, free of any moisture. Schlenk flasks are a possibility for long-term storage.
Disposal
Should be added very carefully to crushed ice, in a closed box.
References
- ↑ Otto Ruff, Katalytische Reactionen. II Zerfall der Chlorsulfonsäure in Sulfurylchlorid und Schwefelsäure, Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft, Volume 34, Issue 3, Oktober–Dezember 1901, Pages 3509-3515
- ↑ Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie; vol. S: MVol.B3; 132, page 1808 - 1810
- ↑ H. H. Sisler and L. F. Audrieth, The Action of Liquid Ammonia upon Sulfur Trioxide Addition Compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1939, 61, 12, 3392–3393
- ↑ Sanger, C. R.; Riegel, E. R.; Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences; vol. 47; (1911); p. 671 - 718
- ↑ Williamson, A.; Proceedings of the Royal Society of London; vol. 7; (1854); p. 11 - 15
- ↑ Ruff, O.; Chemische Berichte; vol. 34; (1901); p. 3509 - 3515
