Difference between revisions of "Octane"
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===Chemical=== | ===Chemical=== | ||
Octane will burn in air in the presence of an ignition source. | Octane will burn in air in the presence of an ignition source. | ||
| + | |||
| + | : C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>18</sub> + 25/2 O<sub>2</sub> → 8 CO<sub>2</sub> + 9 H<sub>2</sub>O | ||
===Physical=== | ===Physical=== | ||
Latest revision as of 16:44, 3 June 2019
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
n-octane
| |
| Systematic IUPAC name
Octane | |
| Identifiers | |
| Jmol-3D images | Image |
| |
| Properties | |
| C8H18 | |
| Molar mass | 114.23 g/mol |
| Density | 0.703 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | −57.1 to −56.6 °C; −70.9 to −69.8 °F; 216.0 to 216.6 K |
| Boiling point | 125.1 to 126.1 °C; 257.1 to 258.9 °F; 398.2 to 399.2 K |
| 0.007 mg/l (at 20 °C) | |
| Vapor pressure | 1.47 kPa (at 20.0 °C) |
| Viscosity | 542 μPa s (at 20 °C) |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | ScienceLab |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Heptane Nonane |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Octane or n-octane is an aliphatic straight-chain hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C8H18. While the n form has few uses, one of its isomers, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane is an important component of gasoline and the standard 100 point on the octane rating scale.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Octane will burn in air in the presence of an ignition source.
- C8H18 + 25/2 O2 → 8 CO2 + 9 H2O
Physical
Octane is a colorless liquid, with a petroleum odor, insoluble in water, but miscible with other organic solvents.
Availability
Octane can be extracted from various petroleum solvents, such as Stoddard solvent (which contains a mixture of aliphatic and alicyclic C7 to C12 hydrocarbons), via fractional distillation, though you need a large amount of solvent to obtain any useful amount of n-octane.
Lastly, octane can be purchased from chemical suppliers.
Preparation
n-Octane can be prepared from the decarboxylation of the pelargonic (nonanoic) acid salts, which can be isolated from Pelargonium oil.
Projects
- Fuel
- Organic extractions
Handling
Safety
Octane vapors are irritant and because it's flammable, it is considered a fire hazard.
Storage
In closed bottles, away from any heat source.
Disposal
Octane can be safely burned.
References
Relevant Sciencemadness threads
No threads so far. Why not start one?
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- Chemical compounds
- Organic compounds
- Hydrocarbons
- Alkanes
- Solvents
- Nonpolar solvents
- Liquids
